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科學家篩到了兩個突變株(甲和乙),其果實皆較野生型小。下列有關證實甲和乙突變為同一基因 的敘述,何者正確? (A)若甲和乙皆為隱性同型合子,進行互交,得子代果實較甲乙小,則可證實 (B)若甲和乙皆為顯性同型合子,進行互交,得子代果實較甲乙小,則可證實 (C)若甲和乙皆為顯性異型合子,進行互交,得子代為同樣小果,則可證實 (D)若甲和乙皆為顯性同型合子,進行互交,得子代為同樣小果,則可證實 (E)若甲和乙皆為隱性同型合子,進行互交,得子代為同樣小果,則可證實

複選題18. Refer to the simplified diagram of the nitrogen cycle shown in the figure. Which of the following statements are correct? (A) 乙 is called denitrification. (B) The roles that can represent producers in the diagram are 甲, 丁, and 戊. (C) 甲 is called ammonification. (D) 丁 is called nitrification. (E) The role played by consumers in an ecosystem is the same as that of organism A in the diagram.

複選題17. Plant hormones (phytohormones) trigger significant physiological changes at extremely low concentrations. Their mechanism of action typically involves the binding of hormone molecules to specific receptors, which activates internal signal transduction pathways to regulate gene expression or enzymatic activity. Based on current understanding of plant hormone signaling, which of the following statements are correct? (A) Each hormone triggers a single, specific physiological response that remains consistent across all tissues and plant species. (B) The same hormone can produce different physiological outcomes depending on the tissue type, developmental stage, and receptor/signaling context. (C) Hormone action is strictly independent of dosage; the physiological outcome is determined only by the presence or absence of the signal. (D) Physiological outcomes are often the result of complex interactions—such as synergy or antagonism—between multiple hormone classes rather than a single isolated signal. (E) Plant hormones act only locally at the site of synthesis and are incapable of functioning as long-distance systemic signals through vascular tissues.

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6. 本校新設立「生物醫學實驗班」,於創立初期需規劃具特色之專業課程,以培養學生對生物醫學 領域之基礎認識與探究能力。請設計一套為期五週之特色課程(每週 2 節課)。課程設計內容包 含下列要素: A.課程主題與教學目標 B.每週教學內容與活動安排 C.教學方法(如探究式學習、實作、專題研究等) D.評量方式或學習成果呈現形式 此外,課程內容可視需要結合在地資源,包含新竹地區之學術機構、醫療單位、科學園區或相 關產業等,以展現課程特色與實務連結。(8 分)

(2)請針對此文章以中文命出選擇題,此題須包含五個選項,並附上解答。(4 分) Arthritis is a leading cause of disability, affecting 53 million Americans. While Osteoarthritis was traditionally viewed as simple "wear and tear," recent research reveals it shares a pro-inflammatory autoimmune component with Rheumatoid Arthritis. In both conditions, the body’s immune system mistakenly identifies collagen—the protein that cushions joints—as a foreign invader. This triggers "killer" T-cells to bombard cartilage with toxic chemicals, causing erosion, pain, and stiffness. The Solution: Undenatured Type II Collagen (UC-II® ) Unlike typical drug treatments that mask symptoms, UC-II® addresses this underlying immune error. Studies show that a small daily dose (10-40 mg) can significantly reduce pain, stiffness, and swelling in both arthritic patients and healthy adults experiencing exercise-induced pain. Mechanism of Action: Oral Tolerance The efficacy of UC-II® relies on a specific biological process called Oral Tolerance. This is the desensitization of the immune response through the digestive tract. 1. Gut Recognition: When UC-II® is ingested, it interacts with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the intestinal tract. 2. Immune Training: The GALT "presents" the collagen fragments to the immune system. Because the collagen is introduced through the gut (as food), the immune system learns to recognize it as a harmless substance rather than an invader. 3. Stopping the Attack: This process effectively retrains the immune system. It suppresses the production of killer T-cells that were previously attacking the body's own joint cartilage. This mechanism explains why oral ingestion works: in animal studies, while injecting collagen induces arthritis, feeding small amounts of collagen prevents it. By restoring the immune system's tolerance to collagen, UC-II® halts the inflammatory cycle caused when the protective barrier between blood and cartilage diminishes with age.

(1)請用中文寫出本文章的重點摘要。(4 分)

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6.調整修改後的課程設計,最接近哪一種跨領域課程統整模式?(2 分) (A)多學科(multi-disciplinary) (B)超學科(transdisciplinary) (C)科際整合(interdisciplinary) (D)問題導向學習(problem-based learning)

25.跨領域及課程統整教學是十二年國教課綱強調的重點,以下敘述何者正確: (A)多學科(multidisciplinary)統整模式是指多學科跨越學科界限,將不同學科的知識和技能有機地整合在一起, 創造出全新的學習體驗和知識領域。 (B)依據課綱規定跨領域統整課程最多佔領域學習課程總節數五分之一,並應於彈性課程中實施,不能占用部定課 程節數。 (C)統整可以以合科形式為之,但統整之道,未必一定要以合科教學的方式進行,分科教學亦有統整之道,不必勉 強為統整而統整。 (D)跨領域課程教師必須多位教師進行協同教學,無法單人教學,因此跨領域共備社群就是老師之間凝聚教學設計 與共識的重要機制。

12. 下面是四名學生在接受三科的考試之後,對於考試結果以標準分數 z 分數呈現的討論,請問哪位學生的觀念有誤?(A)甲生:我們可以從三科 z 分數的比較中,瞭解自己哪一個科目表現最好(B)乙生:我們每個科目的 z 分數平均都是 0(C)丙生:我們可以比較這次誰的表現最好(D)丁生:若某科目的 z 分數低於 0,表示我們考試原始分數不及格

20 1994 年行政院提出何項政策,以推動公共設施建設、生產福利建設及精神倫理建設為目標,並希望以「生 命共同體」的理念鼓勵社區居民主動經營自己的社區? (A)社區發展工作綱要 (B)社區發展綱領 (C)健康社區六星計畫 (D)社區總體營造

6. 臺北市政府警察局與新北市政府警察局對於某一違反《社會秩序維護法》案件之管轄權有爭議時,應如何處理? (A)由二警察局協議管轄 (B)由二市政府協議管轄 (C)由內政部警政署指定管轄 (D)由二地方法院簡易庭裁定管轄

7. 依據「警察人員使用警銬規範」規定,對於下列何者以不使用警銬為宜,但經審認確有使用之 必要者,不在此限 ? (A)甫生產之婦女 (B)傷病或肢體障礙者 (C)通緝期間自行到案者 (D)少年