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83.根據研究顯示,蔬果吃得愈多,愈能夠延年益壽。假如國人每日攝取蔬果的份數是常態分配,平均數 2.90,標準差是 1.91。 想了解有多少百分比的國人每日攝取 5 份或更多份的蔬果,應該用哪一項統計量來判定? (A)單一分數的 z 分數 (B)單一樣本平均數的 z 分數 (C)單一樣本的 t 檢定 (D)獨立樣本的 t 檢定。

85.有關「負增強陷阱」,下列哪一項敘述不正確? (A)家長要求孩子完成一項任務,孩子不理會,家長大聲斥責強力要求,孩子耍脾氣並用力打自己的頭,最後家長放棄 該要求 (B)家長要求孩子完成一項任務,孩子不理會,家長大聲斥責強力要求,孩子耍脾氣並用力打自己的頭,家長強力按住 孩子雙手並堅持要求,最後孩子遵從指令去執行該項任務 (C)「負增強陷阱」是行為改變技術之一 (D)「負增強陷阱」是家庭兒童虐待事件可能機轉之一。

86. Which of the following enzymes CANNOT reduce ubiquinone (Q) to ubiquinol (QH₂) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain? (A) Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (B) Succinate dehydrogenase (C) ETF: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (D) ATP synthase (E) Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

22. Which of the following statements about the urea cycle is correct? (A) The urea cycle begins with ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), which transfers a carbamoyl group from carbamoyl-CoA to ornithine within the mitochondrial matrix. (B) The nitrogens in urea originate from two sources: one nitrogen comes from ammonia (NH3), and the other nitrogen comes from asparagine. (C) Citrulline is synthesized from pyruvate during the urea cycle and acts as a direct precursor for urea formation in the cytoplasm. (D) The urea cycle is tightly linked to the TCA cycle through fumarate, which is produced in the cytoplasm and can be recycled directly back into the TCA cycle. (E) The urea cycle produces urea as its final product, which is transported from the liver to the kidneys for excretion in the urine.

30.下列「為」字之意義,有幾種解釋? (甲)能以禮讓「為」國乎?(《論語‧里仁》) (乙)雖多,亦奚以「為」?(《論語‧子路》) (丙)余既「為」此志,後五年,吾妻來歸。(歸有光〈項脊軒志〉) (丁)背筐,手長鑱,「為」除不潔者。(方苞〈左忠毅公逸事〉) (戊)夫子「為」衛君乎?(《論語‧述而》) (A)二種 (B)三種 (C)四種 (D)五種

28.某顯性遺傳疾病在同一家族中,後代發病年齡逐代提早且症狀逐代加重。下列何種分子遺傳機 制最能解釋此現象? (A)粒線體 DNA 突變累積 (B)X 染色體去活化 (C)表觀遺傳甲基化增加 (D)三核苷酸重複序列擴增