38. Which of the following sentences best fits in the blank?
(A) By structuring information this way, journalists keep readers engaged while maintaining clarity.
(B) The conclusion of a news article typically presents a summary and may include a journalist’s perspective on the event.
(C) The final section of a news report is typically the least significant.
(D) Readers generally skip the last paragraph of news stories. 

34. What is one major challenge mentioned in the passage regarding rapid urbanization? (A) A decline in technological advancements. (B) A decrease in pollution levels in cities. (C) Overcrowding and rising housing costs. (D) A reduction in employment opportunities.

35. What can be inferred about the future of urbanization? (A) Cities will stop expanding as populations stabilize, with more people choosing to remain in suburban and rural areas rather than move to urban centers. (B) Urban centers will continue to grow and play a crucial role in shaping civilization. (C) While rural areas may experience some localized growth, urbanization remains the primary driver of societal change worldwide. (D) Governments will abandon efforts to improve city planning. 

36. Which of the following sentences best fits in the blank? (A) This approach allows readers to quickly absorb the most critical aspects of the story. (B) The inverted pyramid structure is a technique primarily associated with fictional storytelling, though it is sometimes used in journalism as well. (C) News articles always follow a strict chronological storytelling approach to ensure clarity for the reader. (D) Readers must read the entire article carefully from start to finish in order to fully understand the key details.

37. Which of the following sentences best fits in the blank? (A) The least important details are usually placed at the beginning of the article to set up the main ideas, but this is uncommon in most news reports. (B) This section provides readers with context, helping them interpret the significance of events. (C) If the lead paragraph is well-structured and informative, additional supporting details are often considered redundant and may not be necessary for every reader. (D) News reports avoid using direct quotes because journalists need to maintain neutrality and prevent any potential bias in their storytelling.

39. Which of the following best describes Project-Based Learning (PBL)? (A) A method where students work individually with little collaboration or discussion. (B) A teacher-led approach where students primarily learn through lectures and written tasks. (C) A strategy used mainly in science and math but rarely applied to other subjects. (D) A student-centered approach where learners explore real-world problems through inquiry and hands-on projects.

40. Which classroom activity best applies PBL principles in teaching urbanization? (A) Students examine key urbanization concepts and study case studies of different cities, producing a written analysis rather than engaging in hands-on project work. (B) Students develop solutions to improve housing and transportation in a growing city and present their ideas. (C) Students read articles on city planning and summarize the main points in a report. (D) Students watch a documentary about urban growth and discuss their opinions in small groups.

41. Which of the following best defines Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL)? (A) A method where students ask questions, analyze information, and construct their own understanding. (B) A structured learning approach where teachers introduce concepts first, then guide students through step-by-step explanations before allowing them to explore ideas on their own. (C) A system where students follow pre-designed activities from a textbook, completing exercises that reinforce key concepts without the need for open-ended inquiry. (D) A strategy that is mostly used in science education and not in other subject areas.

42. Which activity best demonstrates IBL principles in a lesson on climate change? (A) The teacher provides an in-depth explanation of how climate change affects agriculture, using real-world examples and visuals, while students take structured notes to reinforce their understanding. (B) Students review environmental policies and answer comprehension questions, but they do not explore or construct their own understanding through inquiry. (C) Students organize a detailed list of facts about climate change from the teacher’s presentation and categorize them into different environmental impacts to deepen their understanding. (D) Students investigate how climate change affects food production and propose possible solutions. Part Two: Cooperative Learning (CL) and Classroom Collaboration Read the questions below and choose the most appropriate answer.

Part Two: Cooperative Learning (CL) and Classroom CollaborationRead the questions below and choose the   most appropriate   answer. 43. Which statement best defines Cooperative Learning (CL)? (A) A competitive approach where students work independently to achieve higher scores. (B) A system where students complete assignments on their own without peer interaction. (C) A group-based method where students collaborate to solve problems and develop skills. (D) A structure where students mainly listen to lectures without discussion or teamwork.

44. Which classroom activity best promotes Cooperative Learning? (A) Students individually analyze a text and complete comprehension exercises without engaging in peer interaction or collaborative problem-solving. (B) Students complete research papers individually and present their findings separately. (C) Students listen to a lecture and summarize some key points with their peers. (D) Students take on different roles in a debate on environmental policies and collaborate to form arguments.