複選題

11. Which of the following statements regarding the human genome are     CORRECT    ?
(A) The protein-coding regions (exons) represent a significant portion (around 10%) of the human genome.
(B) Repeated sequences (present in more than one copy) account for ＞50% of the human genome.
(C) The human genome contains around 3.2 billion nucleotide base pairs.
(D) There are many duplications of large chromosome regions in the human genome.
(E) None of the non-coding regions of the human genome contains important genetic information, so they can be considered garbage (useless) DNA sequences.

複選題1. Which of the following biological mechanisms in the cell can be the target of regulation of gene expression? (A) Transcription (B) mRNA processing (C) mRNA export and localization (D) Translation (E) Protein modification

複選題2. Which physical or chemical factor of the following list can cause DNA mutation? (A) Heat (B) Ultra-violet light (C) Ethidium bromide (D) Nitrous acid (E) 5-Bromouracil

複選題3. U-rich small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are important for base pairing with the pre-mRNA and are required for pre-mRNA splicing. They include (A) U1 (B) U2 (C) U3 (D) U4/U6 (E) U5

複選題4. Which organism listed below would need spliceosome-based pre-mRNA splicing to remove introns? (A) Homo sapiens (B) Drosophila melanogaster (C) Caenorhabditis elegans (D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (E) Escherichia coli

複選題5. MicroRNAs are small non-coding regulatory RNAs that down regulate gene expression by the mechanisms including (A) Repress translation of target mRNAs (B) Trigger cleavage of target mRNAs (C) Trigger decapping of target mRNAs (D) Enhance polyadenylation of target mRNAs (E) Accumulate targets mRNAs in the P-bodies for storage or degradation

6. RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to degrade RNA molecules in a sequence-specific manner. This mechanism does NOT exist in (A) Homo sapiens (B) Drosophila melanogaster (C) Caenorhabditis elegans (D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (E) Escherichia coli

7. During the first stage of translation, the small and large ribosomal subunits assemble around an mRNA that has an aminoacylated initiator tRNA correctly positioned at the start codon. The process is mediated by a special set of proteins known as translation initiation (IFs). In eukaryotes, the translation initiation complex contains the 40S subunit, the Met-tRNA and IFs      NOT     including (A) eIF1 (B) eIF2 (C) eIF3 (D) eIF4 (E) eIF6

複選題8. Which of the following techniques can be used to measure the amount of a specific mRNA in a sample? (A) RT-real time quantitative PCR (B) Northern blot analysis (C) Southern blot analysis (D) Western blot analysis (E) RNase protection assay

9. Scott wants to set up a RT-real time quantitative PCR experiment. Which enzyme(s) will he need? (A) E. coli DNA polymerase I (B) T4 DNA ligase (C) Taq DNA polymerase (D) Reverse transcriptase (E) T7 RNA polymerase

複選題10. Although there are numerous kinds of yeast shuttle vectors, those used currently can be broadly classified in either of following three types: integrative vectors, YIp; autonomously replicating high copy-number vectors, YEp; or autonomously replicating low copy-number vectors, YCp. Scott wants to insert a DNA fragment into the yeast chromosome and he has chosen YIp as the shuttle plasmid. Which of the following sequence components are in this plasmid? (A) E. coli genes or segments ori, bla or tet for amplification the plasmid in E. coli (B) Yeast nutrition selectable markers (ex. URA3, HIS3, LEU2, TRP1 or LYS2) (C) Yeast 2µ(2-micron) plasmid sequence (D) Yeast autonomous replication sequences (ex. ARSI, ARS2 or ARS3) (E) Yeast chromosomal centromere sequences (ex. CEN3, CEN4 or CENII)

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