11.下列何者血流供應不是來自支氣管動脈(bronchialartery?
(A)氣管
(B)主支氣管
(C)臟肋膜(visceralpleura)
(D)壁肋膜(parietalpleura)

7.下列有關肺炎之藥物治療,何者為非? (A) Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)病患,建議治療療程7day course (B)病患因P.aeruginosa hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP)/VAP沒有休克或高死 亡風險,在抗生素敏感測試未出前,建議單一藥物治療即可 (C)病患因ESBL-producing gram-negative baclli HAP/VAP,建議依抗生素敏感測試藥 物治療,並參酌病患特性 (D)病患因P.aeruginosa HAP/VAP,建議首選 aminoglycoside monotherapy 治療

8.下列有關黴菌感染中pulmonary cryptococcosis何者為非? (A) Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) may complicate treatment of any opportunistic mycosis,少見於cryptococcosis. (B)肺部侵犯可以從無症狀到多肺葉consolidatin甚至acute respiratory distress syndrome (C)輕度至中度單獨肺部感染,治療可用fluconazole 400 mg/day至少6至12 months (D)Cryptococcus可以在respiratory specimens 培養 including sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage.

9.下列有關COPD藥物之描述何者錯誤? (A) Some patients with refractory dyspnea will experience improved exercise tolerance with theophylline (B) For patients with recurrent exacerbations (eg, at least two per year or one requiring hospitalization) despite triple inhalers, the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor roflumilast may reduce the frequency of exacerbations (C) For patients with recurrent exacerbations prolonged use of azithromycin may reduce the frequency of exacerbations (D) Azithromycin should be avoided in patients with a short QT interval

10.下列有關藥物之描述何者錯誤? (A) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors-induced cough. 咳嗽常在停藥4天 內消失 (B)估計up to 5% of asthmatics are sensitive to aspirin;ingestion may case fatal aggravation of bronchospasm. (C) Methotrexate-associated pneumonitis is almost always irreversible with or without the addition of corticosteroids. (D) A most unusual adverse effect of corticosteroids is mediastinal lipomatosis, the deposition of mediastinal fat, which produces a widening of the mediastinum that mimics lymphadenopathy or other neoplasms

12.下列何種肺部組織沒有明顯之淋巴系統存在? (A)臟肋膜(visceral pleura) (B)壁肋膜(parietal pleura) (C)肺泡壁(alvelar wall) (D)次級肺小葉間隔(interlobular septa)

13.某病患因咳血至急診就醫,生命微象穩定,初步實驗室檢查正常,但仍持續嚴重咳 嗽並大量咳血,此时應優先安排下列何種檢查最為適當? (A)電腦斷層肺血管攝影(CT pulmonary angiography) (B)支氣管鏡檢 (C)胸腔超音波 (D)痰液檢查

14.有關支氣管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)之敘述,下列何者為錯誤? (A)特發性肺纖維化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF)BALF 發炎細胞可預測預後 (B)特發性肺纖維化(IPF)BALF嗜中性與嗜伊紅性白血球比例都可能會上升 (C)BALF 對 pulmonary alveolar proteinosis 診斷有幫助 (D)類肉瘤(sarcoidosis)BALF CD4/CD8 比值通常會上升

15,有關尿液legionnaires'抗原檢测協助診斷Legionnaires'disease之敘述,下列何者為錯誤? (A)敏感度(sensitivity)超過70% (B)特異性(specificity)可高達99% (C)發病7-10天以後檢測常轉為陰性 (D)發病3天內就有80%以上病患檢驗呈陽性

16.有關胸壁解剖與功能之敘述,下列何者為錯誤? (A)內肋間肌(internal intercostal muscle)平時不參與呼吸運動,只有須強力呼氣時才 會收縮 (B)外肋間肌(external intercostal muscle)收縮時可幫助肋骨上提以增加肺部之橫徑 (C)肋間神經解剖學上走在內肋間肌與外肋間肌之間 (D)第8-12對肋骨不與胸骨連接

17.下列影像診斷方式何者輻射劑量最高? (A)通氣/灌流掃描(ventilation/perfusionscan) (B)全身正子電腦斷層掃描(positron emission tomography) (C)高解像度胸部電腦斷層(HRCT) (D)低劑量(low-dose)胸部電腦斷層