試題詳解

12. Pain disorder may result in the sleep problem, and which of the sleep pattern is not often seen in patients:
(A) acute pain following surgical procedures is associated with reduced and fragmented sleep
(B) acute postsurgical pain may result in diminished amounts of slow wave and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
(C) patients with chronic pain may suffered from reduced sleep efficiency and altered sleep architecture (increased wakefulness and stage 1 non-REM sleep)
(D) subjects subjected to noxious stimuli during all stages of sleep will demonstrate a sleep awakening response and a moderate level of cortical arousal.
(E) all of the above are common found in pain patients