17. Which of the following statements concerning laboratory safety is INCORRECT?
(A) Safety goggles should be worn at all times in the laboratory.
(B) Chemical waste should be disposed of according to laboratory regulations.
(C) Concentrated acids should be diluted by adding water to acid.
(D) Safety data sheets (SDS) provide important information about chemical hazards.
(E) Spilled chemicals should be cleaned up immediately following proper procedures.

1. If the reaction 2HI → H2 + I2 is second order in HI, which plot is linear? (A) [HI] vs t (B) ln[HI] vs t (C) 1/[HI] vs t (D) 1/ln[HI] vs t (E) [HI]² vs t

2. For a reaction at constant pressure, the standard Gibbs energies at two temperatures are: ΔrG°(298K) = −12.0 kJ mol⁻¹, ΔrG°(348K) = −5.0 kJ mol⁻¹. Using the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation:what can be concluded about the sign of ΔrH°? (assuming that ΔrH° does not depend on T) (A) ΔrH° = 0 (B) ΔrH° ＞ 0 (endothermic) and ΔrH° is around +54 kJ mol⁻¹ (C) ΔrH° ＜ 0 (exothermic) (D) Cannot be inferred from ΔrG°(T) (E) ΔrH° ＞ 0 (endothermic) and ΔrH° is around +5.4 kJ mol⁻¹

3. An enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Vmax = 120 μM min⁻¹ and Km = 30 μM. What is the initial rate v0 when the substrate concentration is [S] = 30 μM? (A) 15 μM min⁻¹ (B) 30 μM min⁻¹ (C) 60 μM min⁻¹ (D) 90 μM min⁻¹ (E) 120 μM min⁻¹

4. A reaction proceeds by the mechanism: Assuming the steady-state approximation for the intermediate I (i.e., d[I]/dt ≈ 0), what is the rate law for product formation r = in terms of [A] and [B]? (A) r = k2[A][B] (B) (C) (D) r = k1[A][B] (E) r = k2[I][B]

5. At the same temperature, the ratio of root-mean-square speeds (urms) of helium (M = 4.0 g mol⁻¹) to nitrogen (M = 28.0 g mol⁻¹), i.e., urms(He) / urms(N2), is closest to: (A) 0.38 (B) 0.53 (C) 1.0 (D) 2.6 (E) 7.0

6. For a reversible adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas: (A) q = 0 and ΔSsys ＞ 0. (B) q = 0 and ΔSsys = 0. (C) q ＜ 0 and ΔU = 0. (D) q = 0 and ΔH = 0. (E) w = 0 and ΔU ＜ 0.

7. The vapor pressure of a pure liquid is P1 = 20.0 kPa at T1 = 300 K. Its enthalpy of vaporization is approximately constant at ΔHvap = 40.0 kJ mol⁻¹. Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, what is the vapor pressure P2 at T2 = 330 K (closest value)? (A) 25 kPa (B) 33 kPa (C) 45 kPa (D) 60 kPa (E) 90 kPa

8. For an one-dimensional harmonic oscillator with force constant k and mass m, which statement is wrong? (A) ω =. (B) Energy levels are equally spaced. (C) Zero-point energy isℏω. (D) ⟨x⟩ = 0 for every stationary state. (E) Each vibrational energy level is doubly degenerate.

9. Which function is not acceptable as an one quantum-mechanical wavefunction on (−∞, ∞)? (A) ψ(x) = Ae⁻|x| (B) ψ(x) = Asin(πx) e⁻x² (C) ψ(x) = A (D) ψ(x) = Ae+x² (E) ψ(x) = A e⁻x²/2

10. A vibrational mode can be approximated as a harmonic oscillator with energy spacing ΔE = hν. At T = 300 K, for ΔE = 6.0 kJ mol⁻¹ and equal degeneracies, what is the ratio Nv=1/Nv=0? (A) 0.02 (B) 0.06 (C) 0.09 (D) 0.22 (E) 0.55

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