42 Which is the main idea of this passage?
(A) Fragrance affects people and smells influence our minds and moods.
(B) The nose stuck in the middle of the face is more important than eyes and ears.
(C) Truck drivers can receive fragrance to keep alert whiling traveling long distances.
(D) Workers given a whiff of peppermint perform better than those given only pure air.

答案：登入後查看
統計： A(1254), B(217), C(115), D(73), E(0) #1624954

詳解 (共 7 筆)

#2410256

亞歷山大大學精神病學和精神病學教授加里·施瓦茨博士說，從進化的角度來看，我們通常不認為鼻子非常重要。 “但是它正好貼在正中間。為什麼與正常活動不太相關的東西如此突出？這意味著有一些比我們意識到的更重要的東西。“

 事實上，科學家正在學習香水比以前想像的更多地影響我們。新的研究表明，氣味影響著我們的心靈，我們的心情和身體。雖然我們知道很多眼睛和耳朵，但我們只是部分了解氣味。據費城Monell化學感覺中心的嗅覺科學家Charles Wysocki說，我們知道嗅覺上皮首先發現一種氣味，一種位於鼻子中的受體片。這將啟動一連串的事件，導致信息流向大腦的嗅球和邊緣系統，這在調節身體功能和情緒方面發揮關鍵作用。一些關於氣味的最重要的新發現顯示，香味可以使人們更加警惕並提高日常工作的表現。受試者進行了40分鐘的警惕測試，要求他們觀看視頻屏幕，並在出現某種線條圖案時按下按鈕。在執行任務時，有些人通過氧氣面罩間歇地給出薄荷或百合的薄荷或百合。科學家們發現，那些接受香水的工作人員比只有純淨空氣的人員要好25％。雖然香水的作用尚不清楚，但相信這一發現可能很快就會有實際應用。需要在遠距離旅行時保持警覺的卡車司機甚至乘用車司機都可以很有幫助。


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#2754659

From an evolutionary point of view, we typically don’t think of the nose as very important,

從進化的角度來看，我們通常不會認為鼻子非常重要，

” said Dr. Gary Schwartz, professor of psychiatry and psychology at the University of Arizona.

“亞利桑那大學精神病學和心理學教授Gary Schwartz博士說。

“But it is stuck square in the middle of the face.

“但它在臉部中間被卡住了。

Why would something that was less relevant to normal activities be so prominent?

為什麼與正常活動不太相關的東西如此突出？

It implies there is something more important there than we have realized.”

這意味著那裡比我們意識到的更重要。

 Indeed, scientists are learning that fragrance affects us more than previously thought.

事實上，科學家們正在認識到香味比以前想像的更能影響我們。

New research indicates that smells influence our minds, our moods and our bodies.

新的研究表明，氣味影響我們的頭腦，我們的情緒和我們的身體。

Although we know a great deal about the eyes and ears, we only partly understand smell.

儘管我們對眼睛和耳朵有很多了解，但我們只能部分地了解氣味。

According to Charles Wysocki, an olfactory scientist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia,

根據費城莫奈爾化學感官中心的嗅覺科學家Charles Wysocki的說法，

we do know that an odor is first detected by the olfactory epithelium,

我們知道嗅覺上皮首先會檢測到嗅覺上皮，

a sort of receptor sheet located in the nose.

這是一種位於鼻腔內的受體表皮。

This starts a chain of events that leads to an information flow to the olfactory bulb and limbic system of the brain,

這引發了一系列事件，導致信息流向大腦的嗅球和邊緣系統，

which plays a key role in regulating body functions and the emotions.

這在調節身體功能和情緒方面起著關鍵作用。

Some of the most significant new findings about smell show that scents can keep people more alert and improve performance of a routine task.

關於嗅覺的一些最重要的新發現表明，香味可以讓人們更加警惕，並改善日常工作的表現。

Subjects tackled a 40-minute vigilance test,

受試者進行了40分鐘的警惕性測試，

which required them to watch a video screen and press a button whenever a certain line pattern appeared.

要求他們觀看視頻屏幕，並在出現特定線條模式時按下按鈕。

While performing the task, some were intermittently given a whiff of peppermint or lily of the valley through oxygen masks.

 在執行任務時，有些人間歇性地通過氧氣面罩給人一種薄荷或鈴蘭的味道。

Scientists discovered that those workers receiving the fragrances performed 25% better than those given only whiffs of pure air.

科學家們發現，那些接受香水的工作者比僅僅享受純淨空氣的工作者要好25％。

Although it isn’t clear exactly how fragrance works, it is believed that this finding may soon have practical applications.

雖然目前尚不清楚香水的香味如何，但相信這一發現很快就會有實際應用。

Truck drivers, even passenger car drivers, who need to keep alert while traveling long distances, could find it helpful

卡車司機，甚至是轎車司機，在長距離旅行時需要保持警覺，可能會發現它有幫助

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#2754881

evolutionary  /,ɛvəl'uʃən,ɛri/ (a.)展開的,發展的,進化的

;先想到revolution  /r,ɛvəl'uʃən/  革命,變革;旋轉,運轉,公轉;周期

typically  t'ɪpɪkli (ad.)典型地 

psychiatry sɑɪk'ɑɪətri  精神病學,精神病治療法

;先想到charity  /tʃ'ɛrɪti/ 慈悲,博愛,慈善團體,施捨

prominent  /pr'ɑmənənt/ (a.)卓越的,顯著的,突出的,突起的,凸出的

;先想到permanent  /p'ɚmənənt/(a.)永久的,不變的,固定的,持久的電燙的頭發永久的

square skw'ɛr (a.)正方形,廣場,平方,二次冪;豐富的,充足的;光明正大的(v.)挺;使一致

fragrance fr'egrəns 芬芳,香味

;先想到fragment  /fr'ægmənt/碎片,破片,斷片;

olfactory olf'æktɚi (a.)嗅覺的,味道的嗅覺器官,鼻子

;先想到factory

odor 'odɚ 氣味,味道;臭味,香味;香水;跡象,痕跡 

epithelium 上皮,上皮細胞

sort  (v.)排序,挑選,分揀種類,類別,性質,程度

a sort of 某種, 某類；【口】說不清的(或難以解釋的、不尋常的)某類事物 receptor  ris'ɛptɚ  受容器,感覺器官,攝取體

sheet /ʃ'it  床單,張,紙張,印刷品,表格,薄片(vt.)蓋上被單,遍佈(vi.)大片落下(a.)片狀的

bulb b'ʌlb  燈泡;球狀物

regulate r'ɛgjəl,et  (vt.)有系統的管理,規定,調節,調整,使整齊

;先想到regular  /r'ɛgjəlɚ/(a.)規則的,常例的,有秩序的,整齊的

significant səgn'ɪfɪkənt  (a.)重要的,有含義的,暗示的,有效的,非偶然的

scent s'ɛnt 氣味,香味,香水,蹤跡,臭跡,痕跡,線索,嗅覺(vt.)聞出,嗅,發覺

alert əl'ɚt 警惕,警戒,警報(a.)警惕的,警覺的(v.)警惕

performance pɚf'ɔrməns U履行,執行;C表演,演出;U性能,特性 

tackle t'ækəl 工具,復滑車,滑車,裝備,扭倒(vt.)固定,處理,抓住(vi.)扭倒

vigilance v'ɪdʒələns 警戒,警覺心,失眠症 

intermittent ,ɪntɚm'ɪtənt (a.)間歇的,斷斷續續的

peppermint p'ɛpɚm,ɪnt 薄荷;薄荷油;薄荷糖

lily /l'ɪli  百合,百合花(a.)潔白的,純白色的,純潔的

valley v'æli 山谷,溪穀,流域,凹地 

whiff w'ɪf 一吹,一吸,一陣香氣,一點點,香煙的一口(vi.)輕輕地吹,噴氣,被三擊出局 

application ,æplək'eʃən 申請,申請書;應用,用途;勤奮,勤勉  應用程式 

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#2599729

C 雖然有出現在最後一句，但它只是氣味可以影響人的一個舉例

Truck drivers, even passenger car drivers, who need to keep alert while traveling long distances, could find it helpful.

真正的主旨是在第一段第一句

“From an evolutionary point of view, we typically don’t think of the nose as very important,”

，以及第二段第二句

New research indicates that smells influence our minds, our moods and our bodies. 


所以選A


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#2354103
Fragrance affects pe...
(共 88 字，隱藏中）
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#3646774
“From an evolutionary進化的、演變的 point of view觀點, we typically don’t think of the nose as very important,” said Dr. Gary Schwartz, professor of psychiatry精神病學 and psychology心理學 at the University of Arizona. 
“But it is stuck固定、卡住 square正方形、四方形 in the middle of the face.Why would something that was less relevant有關 to normal activities be so prominent重要?It implies暗示 there is something more important there than we have realized.”
Indeed確實、當然, scientists are learning that fragrance芳香、香氣 affects us more than previously thought. 
New research indicates表明 that smells influence our minds, our moods and our bodies. 
Although we know a great deal很多 about the eyes and ears, we only partly understand smell.
According to Charles Wysocki, an olfactory嗅覺 scientist at the Monell Chemical化學 Senses官能 Center in Philadelphia, we do know that an odor氣味 is first detected檢測 by the olfactory嗅覺 epithelium上皮组织, a sort of有點像，近似於 receptor感受器 sheet located in the nose.
This starts a chain of events that leads to an information flow流動 to the olfactory嗅覺 bulb球莖 and limbic system邊緣系統 of the brain, which plays a key role in regulating調節 body functions and the emotions. 
Some of the most significant new findings about smell show that scents香味 can keep people more alert and improve performance of a routine task. 
Subjects tackled對付 a 40-minute vigilance警覺 test, which required them to watch a video screen and press a button whenever a certain line pattern appeared. 
While performing the task, some were intermittently斷斷續續 given a whiff一陣氣味 of peppermint薄荷 or lily of the valley溪谷 through oxygen masks. 
Scientists discovered that those workers receiving the fragrances performed 25% better than those given only whiffs一陣氣味 of pure air.
Although it isn’t clear exactly how fragrance works, it is believed that this finding may soon have practical實際 applications應用.
Truck drivers, even passenger car drivers, who need to keep alert while traveling long distances, could find it helpful.
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#2364317
本文主旨為何？(A) 香味會影影響人們，...
(共 118 字，隱藏中）
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