58.下列那個鈣離子通道阻斷劑，經靜脈輸注2～4分鐘後，即可產生降血壓活性？
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Drug

CalculatedLog P

OralBioavailability

(%)

EffectofFoodonAbsorption

ActiveMetabolite

ProteinBinding

(%)

Tmax(hr)

EliminationHalf-Life(hr)

MajorRoute(s)of Elimination

1,4-Dihydropyridines

Amlodipine

2.76

64-90

None

None

93-97

6-12

35-50

Renal(60%)

Fecal

(20%-25%)

Clevidipine

2.96

NA

NA

None

>99

2-4

(min)

0.15

Renal(63%-74%)

Fecal(7%-22%)

Felodipine

4.69

10-25

Increase

None

>99

2.5-

5.0

11-16

Renal(70%)

Fecal(10%)

Isradipine

3.19

15-24

Reducedrate,sameextent

None

95

7-18(CR)

8

Renal(60%-65%)

Fecal

(25%-30%)

Nicardipine

4.27

35

Reduced

None

>95

0.5-2.0(IR)

1-4(SR)

2-4

Renal(60%)

Fecal(35%)

Nifedipine

2.40

45-70

86(SR)

None

None

92-98

0.5(IR)6  (SR)

2-5(IR)

7(SR)

Renal(60%-80%)

Biliary/fecal(15%)

Nimodipine

3.14

13

Reduced

None

>95

1

8-9

Renal

Nisoldipine

3.86

5

High-fat meal increases immediate releasebut lowers overall amount

Hydroxylatedanalog

>99

6-12

7-12

Renal(70%-75%)

Fecal(6%-12%)

Phenalkylamines

Verapamil

3.53

20-35

Reduced(SRformonly)

Norverapamil

90

1-2(IR)7-11(SR)

0.1-0.2(IV)

3-7(IR)

12(SR)

Renal(70%)

Fecal(16%)

Benzothiazepines

Diltiazem

3.55

40-60

None

Deacetyldiltiazem

70-80

2-4(IR)6-14(SR)

3.0-4.5(IR)

4.0-9.5(SR)

3.4(IV)

Renal(35%)

Fecal

(60%-65%)