6. The breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, a toxic substance, occurs in small, specialized membrane- bound organelles called_________.
(A) lysosomes
(B) peroxisomes
(C) giycosomes
(D) phagosomes
(E) glyoxysomes

2. A group of organisms of the same species that live together in the same place make up a(n)_________. (A) population (B) community (C) ecosystem (D) sample (E) biosphere

3. The algae used to make sushi rolls are classified as________. (A) bacteria (B) fungi (C) protists (D) animals (E) plants

4. Within an organism, all cells have the same_________ , whereas different cell types contain different_________. (A) RNA； genes (B) proteins； RNAs (C) RNAs； proteins (D) genes； RNAs (E) proteins； genes

5. Which of the following is the correct path in the endomembrane system followed by a protein, beginning with its site of synthesis in the rough ER. (A) rough ER； smooth ER； Golgi apparatus； plasma membrane (B) rough ER； vesicles； lysosomes； plasma membrane (C) rough ER； smooth ER； lysosomes； plasma membrane (D) rough ER； Golgi apparatus； smooth ER； plasma membrane E) rough ER； Golgi apparatus； vesicles； plasma membrane

7. Which of the following statements is true? (A) The surface area/volume ratio increases when the total surface area of a cell increases. (B) Aquaporins would be considered as peripheral proteins of the plasma membrane. (C) The selective permeability of a cell membrane is due to glycolipids on the surface of the membrane. (D) Fishes that live in extreme cold have membranes with a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. (E) Membrane cholesterol function in animal cell membranes to store cellular energy.

8. HER2 is a receptor that is present at excessively high levels in some breast cancer cells. Herceptin is a protein that binds to HER2 and inhibits cell division. Herceptin may be an effective arug for breast cancer treatment under which of the following conditions? (A) The patient lacks functional HER2 proteins. (B) The patient has excessive levels of receptor for other growth factor (not HER2) in cancer cells. (C) The patient's cancer cells have excessive levels of HER2. (D) Injection of HER2 into the patient's cancer cells inhibits ceil division. (E) Injection of HER2 into the patient's cancer cell nuclei inhibits cell division.

9. What is the source of electrons for carbon fixation in plants? (A) O2 (B) CO2 (C) H2O (D)H+ (E) glucose

10. Where does photosynthesis take place in cyanobacteria? (A) plasma membrane (B) Golgi bodies (C) cytosol (D) chloroplasts (E) nucleoid region

11. In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an excited electron from photosystem II is passed along an electron transport chain to________. (A) NAD+ (B) NADH (C) oxygen(D) photosystem I (E) water

12. Water that moves through living cells in a root is following the________. (A) apoplastic pathway only (B) transmembrane pathway only (C) symplastic pathway only (D) transmembrane and symplastic pathways (E) apoplastic, transmembrane, and symplastic pathways