69. Which of the following groups is matched with its members?
(A) Proteobacteria-diverse gram-positive bacteria.
(B) Chlamydias-extracellular parasites.
(C) Spirochetes-helical heterotrophs.
(D) Gram-positive bacteria-diverse pathogens whose endotoxins are components of their embrane.
(E) Cyanobacteria-solitiary and no photosynthesis.

65. The rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction: 1. can be determined by measuring the increase in product concentration with respect to time. 2. is usually dependent on temperature and pH. 3. at saturating substrate concentrations, becomes zero-order with respect to substrate. 4. is independent of the enzyme concentration. (A) 1. (B) 1 and 3. (C) 2 and 4. (D) 1, 2 and 3. (E) All of them.

66. Which one FALSELY describes a genomic library? (A) A genomic library must be performed with a restriction enzyme, a DNA ligase, and a reverse transcriptase. (B) A genomic library contains only coding sequences. (C) Plasmids can be used the cloning vector for making genomic libraries. (D) A genomic library is a “shotgun” approach-no single gene is targeted for cloning. (E) None of the above.

67. The ostrich and the emu look very similar and live in similar habitat. However, they are not very closely related. This is an example of (A) sympatric speciation. (B) divergent evolution. (C) exaptation. (D) adaptive evolution. (E) None of the above.

68. Which one of the statements about the domain of Archaea is correct? (A) They must inhabit solution are nearly 30 % salt. (B) They must not adapt to waters with temperatures above the boiling point. (C) Based on DNA analysis, they are probably more closely related to bacteria than to eukaryotes. (D) Archaean cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan. (E) None of the above.

70. Lichens sometimes reproduce asexually using (A) soredia. (B) ascocarps. (C) basidiocarps. (D) conidophores. (E) aseptate fugal hyphae.

71. Which one of the statements is INCORRECT for the major difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae? (A) Endomycorrhizae but not ectomycorrhizae form a dense sheath over the surface of the root. (B) Ectomycorrhizae are found in about 90% of plant families. (C) Ectomycorrhizae do not penetrate root cells, whereas endomycorrhiza grow into the invaginations of the root cell membranes. (D) A and B only. (E) A, B and C. 

72. Auxin can be functioned as EXCEPT (A) herbicides. (B) the detection of photoperiod. (C) formation of adventitious roots. (D) phototropism. (E) cell elongation.

73. What does the infected plant produce in response to the attacking of a pathogenic fungus? (A) Phytoalexins. (B) Phytochrome. (C) Statoliths. (D) Antisense RNA. (E) None of the above.

74. It is estimated that humans can produce over 1.5 million different types of antibodies. Which of the following statements regarding this extraordinary variation is correct? (A) V and J domains of antibody light chains are randomly joined. (B) Random segments of DNA can be removed from antibody genes. (C) V and J domains of antibody heavy chains are randomly joined. (D) Cytosines in the variable regions of antibody genes can be converted to uracils via hypermutation. (E) All of the above.

75. Blue flower color (B allele) is dominant to white (b allele). In a population plants with white flowers (bb) are at a frequency of 0.04. What frequency of the alleles are for white flower color (b)? (A) 0.04 or 4%. (B) 0.16 or 16%. (C) 0.2 or 20%. (D) 0.8 or 80%. (E) 0.96 or 96%.