9. Two molecules with identical molecular formulas but that have different structures are called _____.
(A)isomers
(B) polymers
(C) carbohydrates
(D)lipids
(E)hydrocarbons

5. The probable extinction of the ivory-billed woodpecker was mainly driven by______. (A)genetic drift (B) climate change (C) habitat destruction (D)introduced species (E)direct exploitation

6. Living organisms can be used to detoxify aquatic ecosystems after an oil spill, a technique known as___. (A)rehabilitation (B) restoration (C) replacement (D)bioremediation (E)nutrient cycling 

7. Albinism in most animals is an epistatic trait characterized by a lack of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin, and hair. If the allele for albinism is “a”, the allele for brown coat color is “B”, and the allele for red coat color is “b”. Which one of the following could be the most possible result in an albino cow? (A)Aabb. (B) aaBB. (C) aabb. (D)AaBb. (E)aaBB and aabb.

8. The Y substance is needed for the proper phenotypic expression of the A, B, and AB blood types in the ABO blood typing system in humans. Individuals who are recessive for the Y substance (yy) will have a type O phenotype, even if they have the A and/or B alleles. Two individuals, each with type AB blood and heterozygous at the H locus have children. What is the probability they will have a child who is phenotypically type O? (A)1/8. (B) 3/8. (C) 3/16. (D)4/16. (E)6/16.

10. The_____ functional group can possibly provide covalent bond and then promote the tertiary structure of proteins? (A)NH2 (B) SH (C) PO4 (D)OH (E)COOH

11. If a specimen contains 30% adenine in its DNA then how much cytosine will there be_____. (A)15% (B) 20% (C) 30% (D)35% (E)60%

12. The Endosymbiosis Theory best describes the origins of _____ in eukaryotes. (A)endoplasmic reticulum (B) peroxisome (C) mitochondria (D)nucleus (E)Golgi body

13. Sucrose and H+ can move into the cell by a common membrane protein reflects transport through a ____. (A)voltage-gated channel (B) uniporter (C) antiporter (D)symporter (E)Shear flow channel

14. Which one of the following processes will both occur in the presence or absence of oxygen? (A)Glycolysis. (B) Electron transport chain. (C) Oxidative phosphorylation. (D)Cellular respiration. (E)TCA cycle.

15. Which one of the following is the most correct of the TCA cycle? (A)In the reaction of electron transport, the concentration of H+ is increased in the matrix space. (B) It produces oxygen. (C) The reaction starts from the binding of 4-carbon complex and acetyl CoA. (D)It occurs on the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. (E)It produces ATP as the primary energy intermediate.