三、何謂 General Average？試說明其成立要件以及實務上的四種共同海損文件。 （25 分）

(一) Construction Total Loss

(二) Express Warranty

(三) Free of Particular Average

(四) General Average Guarantee

(五) Insufficient Preparation

(一) The Underwriters agree to indemnify the Assured for three-fourths of any sum or sums paid by the Assured to any other person or persons by reason of the Assured becoming legally liable by way of damage for1. loss of or damage to any other vessel or property on any other vessel2. delay to or loss of use of any such other vessel or property thereon3. general average of, salvage of, or salvage under contract of, any such other vessel or property thereon where such payment by the Assured is in consequence of the Vessel hereby insured coming into collision with any other vessel.（15 分）

(二) Where, after attachment of this insurance, the destination is changed by the Assured, this must be notified promptly to Insurers for rates and terms to be agreed. Should a loss occur prior to such agreement being obtained cover may be provided but only if cover would have been available at a reasonable commercial market rate on reasonable market terms.（10 分）

四、何謂海事保險公證人？請詳述發生海上船舶碰撞事故後，海事保險公證人應勘查可能發生的損失為何？（25 分）

四、何謂偏航？請說明偏航之正當性？請列舉二項說明屬正當偏航事例？以及偏航之效果又如何？（30 分）

三、何謂代位求償書（Letter of Subrogation）？於理賠實務上，何以保險人要求 被保險人簽署代位求償書？此代位求償書的內容主要為何？（20 分）

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