⑵假設發光二極體（Light emitting diode）所發出的光線波長可穿透手指，但是會被動脈內的血液部分吸收。假設動脈的搏動會造成光電晶體（Phototransistor）的電流 IC 有加減 1 μA 的變化。若欲將此動脈的搏動信號放大至正負 1 伏特的範圍，則 vo 之後應有那些電路？其規格為何？（以方塊圖呈現即可，但是要說明原因。）（10 分）

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五、下圖為一實現光電式血管容積變化描記法（Photoplethysmography）的電路。假設該發光二極體（Light emitting diode）的順向電壓（Forward voltage）為 2 伏特，順向電流（Forward current）為 13 mA。並假設該光電晶體（Phototransistor）的工作點（Operating point）為 V_CE = 1 V，I_C = 140 μA。請問：

⑴英翻中：請將下列英文短文翻譯成順暢的中文（30 分） California’s official nickname is “The Golden State.” In 1848, gold was discovered, starting the famous Gold Rush. In San Francisco, there is the monumental Golden Gate Bridge. South from San Francisco is Los Angeles, the second largest city in the U.S. It’s a thriving metropolis and a center for international trade. Further down the coastline near the border of Mexico is San Diego. Known for its mild and sunny weather, tourists come here to enjoy miles of beaches. California’s cities have much to offer. There is a lot of natural beauty to be found here as well, such as Yosemite National Park and Death Valley. California has so much to offer visitors that it is a destination to visit time and again. Whether you go looking for movie stars in Hollywood or to watch the sunset on the ocean, the Golden State has it all.

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