⑷Give three examples of negative effects of tourism.

⑷tourism infrastructure

⑴There are safety procedures to be followed onboard a plane. Please list three general onboard announcements in order to have a safe flight.

⑵Please name one of the most famous food in each of the following countries: USA, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, and Italy.

⑶Please name six things that you’d better know about the foreign country to visit before taking a tour of that place.

⑸English is a language which has more non-native speakers than native speakers. In some non-native English speaking countries, English has become or is becoming indigenized. This means that those non-native varieties of English, as a result of widespread and frequent use, have acquired or are acquiring relatively consistent, fixed local norms of usage which are adhered to by most speakers. Please name two well- established non-native varieties of English and show one feature for each of the selected varieties.

三、翻譯：請將下列中文譯成英文。（20 分） 每年的聖誕季，紐約市美不勝收。現在就來一趟紐約市聖誕美景奇觀的徒步之旅。 就從三十四街與百老匯大道交叉口之梅西百貨所在的先驅廣場出發。沿著三十四街 的櫥窗，你可以聽到或看到整個有關聖誕老公公的故事。然後向東走到第五大道， 沿著第五大道往北走，可以欣賞更多櫥窗擺設與路上行人。穿過第五大道，你很容 易就能在洛克斐勒中心消磨一天。到了夜晚，人行道與街道就和白天一樣熱鬧。耀 眼的櫥窗展示充滿了過節的氣氛。

四、作文：請就以下題目撰寫一篇短文（200-250 字），評量項目包括內容、組織、文 法、用字遣詞。（30 分） Please write a short (200-250 words) essay to introduce a country of your choice for tourists to visit.    

一、根據現行法制與大法官會議解釋，地方自治團體落實或辦理地方自治事項過程中須 遵守何種限制與規範？（25 分）

二、請分析「區」在我國地方自治體系中的地位與運作特色。又，縣改制或與其他直轄 市、縣（市）合併改制為直轄市後，原有縣境內的鄉（鎮、市）改制為區，這些改 制後的區，其運作又與原來的區有何不同？（25 分）

三、地方民眾參與或影響地方政府運作的途徑有那些？請分別從地方制度法規定及「地 方治理」（local governance）觀點比較說明之。（25 分）