複選題
6. Mendel used the scientific approach to indentify two laws of inheritance, which comment about "Mendelian genetics" is NOT correct?
(A) Mendelian genetics includes two laws as law of segregation and law of independent assortment.
(B) The law of segregation states that genes have alternative forms, or alleles.
(C) The law of independnet assortment states the pair of alleles for a given gene segregates into gametes independently of the pair of alleles for any other gene.
(D) Traits are inherited in discrete units, and are not the results of blending.
(E) In heterozygotes, the two alleles are different, and the expression of two different alleles makes phenotypic effects of the other.

2. Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between ______ (A) the reproductive strategy of semelparity and iteroparity. (B) the population increaing and decreasing. (C) high survival rates of offspring and the cost of parental care. (D) number of reproductive females and reproductive ability. (E) the number of offspring and how long they live.

3. Which option listed in below is NOT an antipredator defensive behavior? (A) Camouflage (B) Aposematic coloration (C) Bastesian mimicry (D) Mullerian mimicry (E) Character displacement

4. Which of the following descriptions about "toxin in the environment" is INCORRECT? (A) The biological magnification is the toxin become more concentrated in trophic level of food web. (B) Chlorinated hydrocarbons has demonstrated biological magnification. (C) Some low toxic chemicals transform high toxic by exploring sunlight or microbial metabolism. (D) Chemicals released into the environment may be relatively harmless but converted to more toxic product by reaction with other substances, by exposure to light, or by the metabolism of microorganism. (E) WHO allows that DDT strictly reuse in disease vector control in 2007, so DDT is not environmental toxin anymore.

5. Which of the following descriptions about "regulating of enzyme activity in metabolism" is INCORRECT? (A) Allosteric regulation is the term used to describe any case in which a protein’s function at one site is affected by the binding of a regulatory molecule to a separate site. (B) An activating or inhibiting regulatory molecule binds to a regulatory site that is the simplest kind of allosteric regulation. (C) Feedback inhibition is a common mode of metabolic control. (D) Cooperativity is a type of enzyme activation, not including inhibition. (E) Cooperativity is the binding of one substrate molecule that can stimulate binding or activity at other active sites.

7. Which sex determination system is suitable for the following descriptions? There is only one type of sex chromosome, the females have two sex chromosomes, males have only one sex chromosome. Sex of the offsprings is determined by whether the sperm cell contains an X chromosome or no sex chromosome. (A) The X-Y system (B) The X-0 system (C) The Z-W system (D) The haplo-diploid system (E) None

8. Bacteria is one of major group of prokaryotes, which of the following description about "bacterial DNA replication" is NOT correct? (A) Helicase unwinds the parental double helix DNA. (B) Primase begins synthesis of the RNA primer for the Okazaki fragment in lagging strand. (C) The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5’ to 3’ direction by DNA polymerase II. (D) DNA polymerase I removes the primer from the 5’ end of the second fragment, replacing it with DNA. (E) DNA ligase joins the 3’ end of the second fragment to the 5’ end of the first fragment.

9. Which genes should be turned on first to determinate the body axis during embryogenesis of Drosophila? (A) Pair rule genes (B) Segmentation genes (C) Segmentation polarity genes (D) Maternal effect genes (E) Homeotic genes

10. The eyes of mammalian and octopus are similar in structure and function. Which of following hypothesis accounts for most of this similarity? (A) Balanced polymorphism (B) Convergent evolution (C) Parallel evolution (D) Cladogenesis (E) Macroevolution

複選題11. A new species of plant could be originated by hybridization coupled with ________ (A) autopolyploidy. (B) polymorphic speciation. (C) a super species. (D) sympatric speciation. (E) allopatric speciation.

12. The dengue virus fragments will be presented by virus-infected cells along with which of the following? (A) Toll receptor (B) Complement (C) Antibodies (D) Class I MHC molecules (E) Class II MHC molecules