10. Which one is a major regulator in M phase?
(A) CDK1-cyclin B
(B) CDK2-cyclin A
(C) CDK2-cyclin E
(D) CDK4-cyclin D
(E) CDK6-cyclin D

複選題6. Glycosylation, a post-translational modification to proteins, occurs in the: (A) RER. (B) Golgi. (C) Proteasome. (D) Endosome. (E) Mitochondria.

7. Which one is NOT found in mitotic spindles? (A) a-tubulin (B) ẞ-tubulin (C) y-tubulin (D) Microtubule associated proteins (E) Motor proteins

8. Which of the following is not a common intracellular second messenger? (A) inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) (B) 1,2 diacylglycerol (DAG) (C) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (D) 3'-5' cyclic guanine monophosphate (cGMP) (E) All above are common intracellular second messenger.

9. Which one is the marker of autophagy? (A) Caspase 3 (B) Cytochrome C (C) LC-II (D) Puma (E) RIPK3

11. Which one contains BH4 domain to inhibit apoptosis? (A) Bak (B) Bax (C) Bcl-2 (D) Bid (E) Bim

12. Which one is NOT the biomarker of apoptosis? (A) Cleaved PARP1 (B) Phosphatidylserine (C) Nuclear DNA fragmentation (D) TUNEL staining (E) Caspase 8

13. During an action potential, which happens first? (A) opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels (B) opening of voltage-gated Ca+ channels (C) closing of voltage-gated Na+ channels (D) opening of voltage-gated K+ channels (E) closing of voltage gated K+ channels

14. Which statement listed below regarding stem cells is correct? 　1. Stem cells can perform asymmetric cell division. 　2. Stem cells can be found in both mouse embryonic and adult tissues. 　3. Totipotent stem cells can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extraembryonic or placental cells. 　4. Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into endoderm, mesoderm or ectoderm cells. (A) 1 and 2 are correct. (B) 1 and 3 are correct. (C) 1, 2, and 3 are correct. (D) 1, 2 and 4 are correct. (E) All of the above are correct.

15.The best primers for the PCR reaction have the following feature: (A) They have a high G-C content. (B) They have a high A-T content. (C) They should be palindromic. (D) The AT/GC ratio does not matter. (E) They should anneal rapidly, before the larger DNA strands reanneal.

16. Which one is not required for RNA quantification by using PCR? (A) Specific primers (B) Deoxynucleotides (C) Taq DNA polymerase (D) Genomic DNA (E) Complementary DNA