20 What was the main idea of the final paragraph?
(A) Many Victorians were sick due to new technologies.
(B) Victorian England was a promising country.
(C) Everybody was satisfied with the growth of England.
(D) There was a downside to the rapid growth of Victorian England.

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統計： A(21), B(28), C(21), D(121), E(0) #1152630

詳解 (共 2 筆)

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Although many Victor...
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In the eighteenth century the pivotal關鍵性 city of Western西 civilization文明 had been Paris; by the second half of the nineteenth century this center of influence影響，作用 had shifted to London, a city that expanded擴大，增加 from above two million inhabitants居民 when Victoria came to the throne王座；王位 to six and half million at the time of her death.
The rapid growth of London is one of the many indications建議；必要行為 of the most important development of the age: the shift from a way of life based on the ownership of land to a modern urban economy based on trade and manufacturing製造業（生產大批商品的行業）.
“We have been living, as it were, the life of three hundred years in thirty” was the impression印象 formed by Dr. Thomas Arnold during the early stages of England’s industrialization.
By the end of the century – after the resources of steam power had been more fully exploited有效地用, 利用；開發 for fast railways and iron ships, for looms出現, printing presses印刷機, and farmer’s combines結合, and after the introduction 採用；引進；推行 of telegraph電報；電報機, intercontinental cable越洋電纜, photography, anesthetics麻醉劑, and universal普遍的；全體的；共同 compulsory必修 education – a late Victorian could look back回憶，追憶 with astonishment驚愕；驚訝 on these developments during his or her lifetime. 
Because England was the first country to become industrialized, its transformation was an especially painful one: it experienced a host of social and economic problems consequent作爲結果的；隨之而來的；由此引起的 to rapid and unregulated industrialization.
England also experienced an enormous極大的；巨大 increase in wealth. An early start enabled England to capture markets all over the globe. Cotton and other manufactured products were exported in English ships, a merchant fleet商船隊 whose size was without parallel平行的, 類似的 in other countries.
The profits gained from trade also led to extensive廣闊的，大面積 capital investments投資 in all continents大洲. After England became the world’s workshop, London became, from 1870 on, the world’s banker.
England gained particular特殊的, 特定的 profit利潤，盈利 from the development of its own colonies殖民地, which, by 1890, comprised包含；包括 more than a quarter of all the territory領土 on the surface of the earth; one in four people was a subject of Queen Victoria.
By the end of the century England was the world’s foremost最重要的；最佳 imperial帝國的；皇帝 power. 
Although many Victorians shared a sense of satisfication滿足 in the industrial and political preeminence傑出 of England during the period, they also suffered from an anxious sense of something lost, a sense too of being displaced persons in a world made alien by technological changes that had been exploited剝削 too quickly for the adaptive適應的；有適應性 powers of the human psyche心靈；精神；心態.
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