35. Which condition can increase the activity of hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF)?
(A) Pain tolerance
(B) Transcription attenuation
(C) Cell proliferation
(D) Protein translation
(E) Microenvironment and high attitude

31. Which component is NOT in the Crispr/Cas9 complex? (A) Cas9 nuclease (B) crRNA (C) TracrRNA (D) 5'-3' exonuclease (E) Protospacer adjacent motif (PAM)

32. Which one can positively regulate the transcription elongation? (A) CREB (B) NELF (C) p-TEF (D) N-terminal domain of RNA Pol II (E) p53

33. HR and NHEJ are essential for DNA double strand break repair (DSBR). Which combination could cause synthetic lethality? (A) BRCA1 mutation and PARP inhibitor (B) EGFR mutation and BRAF inhibitor (C) p53 mutation and Chk1 inhibitor (D) RB mutation and cdk inhibitor (E) Kras mutation and AKT

34. Which one is NOT involved in ER to Golgi vesicle trafficking? (A) Sar1 GTPase (B) Clathrin (C) GTPase activating protein (D) Coat proteins (E) SNARE

36. In the cell, what ion concentration gradients should be maintained? (1) calcium (2) chloride (3) sodium (4) potassium (A) (1), (2), (3), (4) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. (B) (1), (2), (3), (4) are high in intracellular space and low in extracellular space. (C) (1), (2) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. But 3, 4 are opposite. (D) (1), (2), (3) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. But 4 is opposite. (E) (1), (2), (4) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. But 3 is opposite.

37. Indicate which path a cell generally uses to degrade plasma membrane associated receptors? (1) Plasma membrane (2) Early endosome (3) Recycling endosome (4) Late endosome (5) Lysosome (A) (1)＞(2)＞(3)＞(4) (B) (1)＞(3)＞(4)＞(5) (C) (1)＞(2)＞(4)＞(5) (D) (1)＞(4)＞(2)＞(5) Ε. (1)＞(4)＞(3)＞(5)

38. Indicate which cellular machines participate in degrading damaged "intracellular proteins"? (1). Autophagosome (2). ER (3). Golgi (4). Endosome (5). Proteasome (A) (1), (2) (B)(2), (3) (C) (3), (4) (D) (4), (5) (Ε) (1), (5)

39. Indicate what are the functions of multivesicular body? (1). Protein synthesis (2). Protein phosphorylation (3). Protein transport (4). Protein secretion (5). RNA degradation (A) (1), (2) (B) (2), (3) (C) (3), (4) (D) (4), (5) (E) (1), (5)

40. Indicate which order is correct when an actin potential propagates? (1) voltage-gated sodium channel is opened (2). voltage-gated sodium channel is closed (3). voltage-gated calcium channel is opened (4). voltage-gated calcium channel is closed (5). voltage-gated potassium channel is opened (6). voltage-gated potassium channel is closed (A) (1)＞(2)＞(3)＞(4) (B) (1)＞(5)＞(2)＞(6) (C) (1)＞(3)＞(4)＞(6) (D) (2)＞(3)＞(4)＞(6) (E) (1)＞(3)＞(5)＞(6)

1. How to stable the end length of chromosome? (A) Topmere (B) Endmere (C) Telomere (D) Centromere (E) Bottomere