38. Indicate which cellular machines participate in degrading damaged "intracellular proteins"? (1). Autophagosome (2). ER (3). Golgi (4). Endosome (5). Proteasome
(A) (1), (2)
(B)(2), (3)
(C) (3), (4)
(D) (4), (5) (Ε) (1), (5)

34. Which one is NOT involved in ER to Golgi vesicle trafficking? (A) Sar1 GTPase (B) Clathrin (C) GTPase activating protein (D) Coat proteins (E) SNARE

35. Which condition can increase the activity of hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF)? (A) Pain tolerance (B) Transcription attenuation (C) Cell proliferation (D) Protein translation (E) Microenvironment and high attitude

36. In the cell, what ion concentration gradients should be maintained? (1) calcium (2) chloride (3) sodium (4) potassium (A) (1), (2), (3), (4) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. (B) (1), (2), (3), (4) are high in intracellular space and low in extracellular space. (C) (1), (2) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. But 3, 4 are opposite. (D) (1), (2), (3) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. But 4 is opposite. (E) (1), (2), (4) are low in intracellular space and high in extracellular space. But 3 is opposite.

37. Indicate which path a cell generally uses to degrade plasma membrane associated receptors? (1) Plasma membrane (2) Early endosome (3) Recycling endosome (4) Late endosome (5) Lysosome (A) (1)＞(2)＞(3)＞(4) (B) (1)＞(3)＞(4)＞(5) (C) (1)＞(2)＞(4)＞(5) (D) (1)＞(4)＞(2)＞(5) Ε. (1)＞(4)＞(3)＞(5)

39. Indicate what are the functions of multivesicular body? (1). Protein synthesis (2). Protein phosphorylation (3). Protein transport (4). Protein secretion (5). RNA degradation (A) (1), (2) (B) (2), (3) (C) (3), (4) (D) (4), (5) (E) (1), (5)

40. Indicate which order is correct when an actin potential propagates? (1) voltage-gated sodium channel is opened (2). voltage-gated sodium channel is closed (3). voltage-gated calcium channel is opened (4). voltage-gated calcium channel is closed (5). voltage-gated potassium channel is opened (6). voltage-gated potassium channel is closed (A) (1)＞(2)＞(3)＞(4) (B) (1)＞(5)＞(2)＞(6) (C) (1)＞(3)＞(4)＞(6) (D) (2)＞(3)＞(4)＞(6) (E) (1)＞(3)＞(5)＞(6)

1. How to stable the end length of chromosome? (A) Topmere (B) Endmere (C) Telomere (D) Centromere (E) Bottomere

2. What is the coding strand? (A) The DNA strand whose base sequence corresponds to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced (B) The RNA strand whose base sequence corresponds to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced (C) The DNA strand whose base sequence complements to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced (D) The DNA strand whose base sequence complements to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced (E) The cDNA strand whose base sequence complements to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced

3. Prion is composite of what macromolecule(s)? (A) RNA (B) DNA (C) cDNA (D) Protein (E) Lipid

4. In a eukaryotic cell, when or where is the packing ratio of DNA being the highest? (A) DNA replication (B) Mitosis (C) Apoptosis (D) Euchromatin region (E) RNA transcription initiation