64. 下列何者錯誤?
(A) The most common sites of endometriosis are ovaries, uterine ligaments, rectovaginal septum, cul de sac and pelvic peritoneum.
(B)Peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis may be a precursor to endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas.
(C)Mutations in KRAS, PIK3CA, PPP2R1A and ARID1A have been identified in the epithelial cells of endometriosis of distant sites.
(D)The proposed pathogenesis of endometriosis including regurgitation, benign metastasis, metaplastic and extrauterine stem/progenitor cell theories.

60. 以下關於子宮內膜癌的描述，何者為非？ (A) Low-grade endometrial endometrioid carcinoma shows diffuse strong immunoreactivity for estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor and patchy positive for p16. (B)High-copy number alterations and TP53 mutations endometrial carcinomas are associated with intermediate prognosis. (C)POLE mutations are associated with good prognosis. (D)The morphology of most metastases (~90%) from carcinosarcoma contains the carcinomatous component.

61. 以下關於 microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) 子宮內膜癌的描述，何者為非？ (A) Mutations in or epigenetic silencing of mismatch repair genes leading to genomic instability and high burden of somatic mutations. (B)Associated with mutations that upregulate signaling through the PI3K/AKT pathway. (C)Prevalent in endometrial carcinomas arising in women with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma syndrome (also referred to as Lynch syndrome).(D)In sporadic endometrioid carcinoma, loss of DNA mismatch repair gene is commonly caused by epigenetic silencing.

62. 下列何者錯誤?(A) The most common molecular alteration of ovarian mucinous carcinomas is ERBB2 (HER2) amplifications. (B)Adult granulosa cell tumors contain somatic FOXL2 mutations in more than 90% of cases. (C)A significant proportion of moderately and poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors contain DICER1 mutations.(D)Deleterious germline or somatic mutations of SMARCA4 implicated the pathogenesis of small cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type.

63. 以下關於 ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma 的描述，何者為非？(A) Either a defective homologous recombination DNA repair pathway or amplification of CCNE1. (B)Some high-grade serous carcinomas arise from serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). (C) BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are common in sporadic high-grade serous carcinoma.(D)The biological behavior depends on the extent and distribution of peritoneal disease and lymph node metastasis.

65. 乳癌中的 tubular carcinoma 經常是 ER positive、PR positive、HER2 negative、MIB1 labeling index low (usual ＜10%)，請問 tubular carcinoma 是屬於 intrinsic type 中的哪一型？(A) Luminal A type (B)luminal B type(C)HER2 type(D)Basal type type

66. 根據現行 WHO 的診斷標準，用 size criteria 來區分 atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) 和 low grade ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)的標準，是用多少 mm？ (A) 1mm(B)2mm (C)3mm(D)4mm

67. Breast invasive carcinoma with medullary features 除了常見 tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)外，還常會有何種基因異常？ (A)KRAS (B)BRAF (C)HER2 (D)BRCA1/2

68. Breast secretory carcinoma 是一種罕見但有特殊基因變異的腫瘤。此特殊變異 不但可以做為診斷上使用，目前也是標靶藥物針對的目標,請問這特殊的基因變異 是甚麼？可做為診斷的重要依據甚至於治療的標的? (A)EGFR L858R (B)BRAF V600E (C)ETV6-NTRK3 (D)EWSR1-ATF1

69. Breast intraductal papilloma with atypical ductal cells proliferation 如何區分 papilloma with ADH 和 papilloma with low grade DCIS 有時是困難的。 但根據現 行 WHO 的診斷標準，用 size criteria 來區分 papilloma with ADH 和 papilloma with low grade DCIS 的標準，是用多少 mm 大小的 atypical ductal focus 來區分？ (A)1mm (B)2mm (C)3mm (D)4mm

70. 病人有乳癌淋巴結轉移，被轉移的一個淋巴結中分別有三個轉移癌，其大小 分別是 0.3mm、0.5mm 及 2.5 mm，依照 AJCC 第八版乳癌病理分期，此病人 pN 為何？ (A)pN0, 標示有 isolated tumor cells (B)pN1micro (C)pN1 (D)pN2