69. A researcher is trying to construct a molecular-based phylogeny of the entire animal kingdom. Assuming that none of the following genes is absolutely conserved, which of the following would be the best choice on which to base the phylogeny?
(A) genes involved in eye-lens synthesis
(B) genes that cause radial body symmetry
(C) genes involved in chitin synthesis
(D) collagen genes
(E) beta-catenin genes

65. All of the followings have contributed to the diversity of organisms on the Hawaiian archipelago EXCEPT that (A) The islands are distant from the mainland. (B) Multiple invasions have occurred. (C) Adaptive radiation has occurred. (D) The islands are very young in geologic time. (E) Environmental conditions differ from one island to the next.

66. What is systems biology approach? (A) is to define gene curcuit and protein interaction network. (B) sequencing and analyzing whole genome sequence. (C) constructing a linkage map on the chromosome. (D) using bioinformatics tool to analyze gene expression and protein structure. (E) is attempt to integrate different levels of information in order to understand the operation of biological systems.

67. The following events are steps of neural transmission at a chemical synapse. Please choose the correct sequence of events. (1) Neurotransmitter binds with receptors associated with the postsynaptic membrane. (2) Calcium ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm. (3) The ligand-gated ion channels open. (4) An action potential depolarizes the membrane of the axon terminal. (5) The synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. (A) 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 (B) 2 → 3 → 5 → 4 → 1 (C) 3 → 2 → 5 → 1 → 4 (D) 4 → 2 → 5 → 1 → 3 (E) 5 → 1 → 2 → 3 → 4

68. Most of the dry weight of a plant is the result of uptake of _____. (A) carbohydrates in the root hairs and concentration in the root cortex (B) water and minerals through root hairs (C) water and minerals through mycorrhizae (D) CO2 through stoma (E) CO2 and O2 through stomata in leaves

70. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration? (A) oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle (B) glycolysis and the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (C) fermentation and glycolysis (D) the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (E) oxidative phosphorylation and fermentation

【已刪除】71. Species of amphibians belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but their offsprings do not survive. This is an example of ______ (A) the postzygotic barrier called hybrid. (B) the prezygotic barrier called hybrid disjunction. (C) gametic isolation. (D) the postzygotic barrier called hybrid breakdown. (E) adaptative inviability.(本題送分)

72. A solution of starch at room temperature does not readily decompose to form a solution of simple sugars because ____. (A) starch hydrolysis is nonspontaneous (B) starch cannot be hydrolyzed in the presence of so much water (C) the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted (D) the hydrolysis of starch to sugar is endergonic (E) the starch solution has less free energy than the sugar solution

73. When an individual is subject to short-term starvation, most available food is used to provide energy (metabolism) rather than building blocks (growth and repair). Which hormone would be particularly active in times of food shortage? (A) antidiuretic hormone (B) insulin (C) epinephrine (D) glucagon (E) oxytocin

74. While sampling marine plankton in a lab, a student encounters large numbers of fertilized eggs. The student rears some of the eggs in the laboratory for further study and finds that the blastopore becomes the mouth. The embryo develops into a trochophore larva and eventually has a true coelom. These eggs probably belonged to a(n) ____. (A) arthropod (B) nematode (C) echinoderm (D) mollusk (E) chordate

75. How is habitat fragmentation related to biodiversity loss? (A) Populations of organism in fragments are smaller and more susceptible to extinction. (B) The tempature in fragments rises to cause biodiversity loss. (C) To keep biodiversity hot spot. (D) Less absorption of carbon dioxide by plants in fragments. (E) Environmental toxins are stable in fragments.