8. Which of the following is not a common intracellular second messenger?
(A) inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP₃)
(B) 1,2 diacylglycerol (DAG)
(C) adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
(D) 3'-5' cyclic guanine monophosphate (cGMP)
(E) All above are common intracellular second messenger.

4. Select the correct statement listed below. 　1. The nuclear pore complex allows for passive diffusion of smaller molecules. 　2. The nuclear pore complex allows for import of proteins. 　3. The nuclear pore complex allows for active transport of very large molecules. (A) Only 3 is correct. (B) 1, 2 are correct. (C) 1, 3 are correct. (D) 2, 3 are correct. (E) All of the above are correct.

5. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol modification serves to target proteins to: (A) RER. (B) Golgi. (C) Plasma membrane. (D) Nucleus. (E) Lysosome

複選題6. Glycosylation, a post-translational modification to proteins, occurs in the: (A) RER. (B) Golgi. (C) Proteasome. (D) Endosome. (E) Mitochondria.

7. Which one is NOT found in mitotic spindles? (A) a-tubulin (B) ẞ-tubulin (C) y-tubulin (D) Microtubule associated proteins (E) Motor proteins

9. Which one is the marker of autophagy? (A) Caspase 3 (B) Cytochrome C (C) LC-II (D) Puma (E) RIPK3

10. Which one is a major regulator in M phase? (A) CDK1-cyclin B (B) CDK2-cyclin A (C) CDK2-cyclin E (D) CDK4-cyclin D (E) CDK6-cyclin D

11. Which one contains BH4 domain to inhibit apoptosis? (A) Bak (B) Bax (C) Bcl-2 (D) Bid (E) Bim

12. Which one is NOT the biomarker of apoptosis? (A) Cleaved PARP1 (B) Phosphatidylserine (C) Nuclear DNA fragmentation (D) TUNEL staining (E) Caspase 8

13. During an action potential, which happens first? (A) opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels (B) opening of voltage-gated Ca+ channels (C) closing of voltage-gated Na+ channels (D) opening of voltage-gated K+ channels (E) closing of voltage gated K+ channels

14. Which statement listed below regarding stem cells is correct? 　1. Stem cells can perform asymmetric cell division. 　2. Stem cells can be found in both mouse embryonic and adult tissues. 　3. Totipotent stem cells can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extraembryonic or placental cells. 　4. Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into endoderm, mesoderm or ectoderm cells. (A) 1 and 2 are correct. (B) 1 and 3 are correct. (C) 1, 2, and 3 are correct. (D) 1, 2 and 4 are correct. (E) All of the above are correct.