9. Which one is NOT a function of mitochondria?
(A) ATP production
(B) Autophagy
(C) Apoptosis
(D) Synthesis of lipid
(E) Formation of synaptic vesicles

5. The resting membrane potential in animal cells depends largely on what channel?(A) nongated H⁺ (B) gated Na⁺ (C) nongated Na⁺ (D) gated K⁺ (E) nongated K⁺

6. Which of the following statements regarding aquaporins is correct? (1) Aquaporins are water-channel proteins. (2) Aquaporins specifically increase the permeability of biomembranes to water- soluble salts. (3) The level of aquaporin 2 is rate-limiting for water transport by the kidney and is essential for resorption of water in the kidney. (A) (1) and (2) (B) (1) and (3) (C) (2) and (3) (D) All of above are correct (E) None of above is correct

7. Which of the following statements regarding restriction enzymes is correct? (1) Restriction enzymes are named for the bacterium they are derived from. (2) Restriction enzymes protect bacteria from viral infection. (3) In order to insert a foreign gene into a plasmid, both must be cut by the same restriction enzyme. (A) (1) and (2) (B) (1) and (3) (C) (2) and (3) (D) None is correct (E) All is correct

8. Which of the following statements regarding a gene expression vector in E. coli is correct? (1) always contains an origin of replication. (2) usually contains a gene that confers antibiotic resistance to the bacterial host. (3) always contains DNA segments for the regulation of mRNA production. (A) (1) and (2) (B) (1) and (3) (C) (2) and (3) (D) None is correct (E) All is correct

10. Which one is NOT a post-translational modification?(A) Ubiquitination (B) Transcription (C) Prenylation (D) Poly ADP-ribosylation (E) Phosphorylation

11. Which one is NOT involved in cell cycle machinery?(A) Cdkl (B) E2F (C) APC/cdc20 (D) RIPK1 (E) p21

12. Which one is NOT required for microtubule assembly?(A) α-tubulin (B) β-tubulin (C) Polymerase (D) ATP (E) GTP

13. Which one can be directly used in detecting apoptosis?(A) Annexin V (B) Propodium iodide (C) Sodium vanadate (D) Trypsin (E) lipopolysaccharide

14. Which one is NOT involved in cell cycle checkpoint? (A) Cyclin D (B) Rb (C) ATR (D) ATM (E) Cdc20

15. What is not the function of SDS in SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)? (A) It is a detergent. (B) It dissociates protein complexes. (C) It coats the protein surface a negative charge. (D) It destroys the disulfide bond. (E) It denatures proteins.