申論題

二、 請翻譯成中文
Spherical trigonometry plays an integral part in the practice of navigation, for both aircraft and waterborne vessels. It is the fundamental background from which the practical application of the concept of Great Circle Navigation stems from, as the shortest distance between two points on a sphere is located along an arc of a great circle. Navigation in Maritime Academies is taught to Sea Captain/students in several different courses as required/mandated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Although in modern times, voyage planning is done exclusively using electronic aids and computerized programs, such as the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), it is still considered to be imperative for students to know the basics of manually calculating passages using the aforementioned concepts due to war risk around the world. (5%)