31. Michelle finds a company directive that specifically restricts her from taking certain actions. This is a(n) ________.
(A) policy
(B) procedure
(C) rule
(D) agenda

27. Sarah's sales figures show that she has been the top performer in her department for the last eight months. Two months prior to her annual performance review, Sarah's sales numbers fell due to her ill health causing her manager to rate her performance as just satisfactory. This is an example of the ________. (A) randomness bias (B) self-serving bias (C) representation bias (D) availability bias

28. Pat is the manager of a large project that has been underway for the last eight months. It has now become apparent that, due to various external factors, the project is unlikely to succeed. Even though the best option would be to withdraw from the project, Pat continues to pump money and resources into it in the hope that the project's prospects will change. He reasons that he doesn't want all those months of hard work to go to waste. This is an example of the ________. (A) availability bias (B) self-serving bias (C) sunk costs error (D) hindsight bias

29. Colleen needs a vehicle, but she has to decide if the vehicle is worth repairing. She is facing a(n) ________ that is a discrepancy between an existing and a desired state of affairs. (A) problem (B) risk (C) uncertainty (D) contingency

30. Before talking to a repair person, Colleen needs to prioritize the repairs. Her first concern is safety of the vehicle. This step in the decision-making process is called ________. (A) evaluating decision effectiveness (B) identifying the decision criteria (C) weighting the decision criteria (D) analyzing alternatives

32. Michelle eventually finds a problem that has no cut-and-dry solution. The problem is unique and is unlikely to occur again. This problem is ________ in nature. (A) nonprogrammed (B) programmed (C) structured (D) scheduled

1. The hierarchy of needs theory of motivation was proposed by ________, a psychologist who proposed that within every person is a hierarchy of five needs. (A)Douglas McGregor (B) Frederick Herzberg (C)David McClelland ((D)Abraham Maslow

2. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when an employer provides his employees health insurance, he is taking care of their ________ needs. (A)esteem (B) safety (C)self-actualization (D)social

3. In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a company names an "Employee of the Month" and "Employee of the Quarter," the company is addressing employees' ________ needs. (A)safety (B) physiological (C)esteem (D)self-actualization

4. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, a person's needs for growth, achieving one's potential, and self-fulfillment, and the drive to become what one is capable of becoming constitute his or her ________ needs. (A)safety (B) physiological (C)social (D)self-actualization

5. Which of the following needs is a lower-order need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory? (A)safety (B) social (C)self-actualization (D)esteem