107年 - 107 東吳大學_碩士班招生考試_心理學系(B 組)：變態心理學#111195

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆變態心理學 | 年份：107年 | 選擇題數：30 | 申論題數：6

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆變態心理學

選擇題 (30)

1.Fixation at a particular stage, according to Freud, results in (A). difficulties in determining the nature of the conflicts when the person enters analysis. (B). a sexually unresponsive individual. (C). an inability to develop further. (D). regression to that stage when stressed later in life.

2.According to behavior genetics research, (A). nonshared experiences have much more to do with mental illness than shared experiences. (B). shared experiences have much more to do with mental illness than nonshared experiences. (C). shared and nonshared experiences are equally important for mental illness. (D). there is no way to differentiate between shared and nonshared contributions to mental illness.

3. A difference in DNA sequence that occurs in a population is called (A). an allele. (B). a genotype. (C). a phenotype. (D). a polymorphism.

4. Newer CBT treatments differ from the original CBT treatments in that they emphasize all of the following EXCEPT: (A). spirituality. (B). values. (C). emotions. (D). rational thoughts.

5. Some critics of the DSM-5 believe that (A). there are not enough different diagnoses. (B). the DSM-5 has pathologized too many problems without good justification. (C). there is not enough comorbidity in diagnoses. (D). another diagnostic category should be added titled “Conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention in elderly populations.”

6. Why do behavioral assessors sometimes set up contrived situations in which to observe behavior? (A) They do not think the setting is an important influence on people’s behavior. (B) Such assessments avoid the problem of reactivity. (C) They want to see how people respond in unusual situations. (D) It is often difficult to control the conditions in natural settings

7. “Approximately 1500 new cases of AIDS were diagnosed in 1988 in Chicago.” This is an example of the estimate of the __________ of AIDS. (A). prevalence (B). incidence (C). risk factor (D). statistical significance

8. Which of the following steps would improve the external validity of an analogue experiment of subclinical depression in college students? (A). Include a no-treatment control group. (B). Perform statistical analyses on the results. (C). Use clinically depressed patients. (D). Include several types of therapy.

9. To be diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, a person (A). must be currently experiencing manic symptoms. (B). must have experienced hypomanic symptoms as well as depressive symptoms at some point in their lifetime. (C). must have had at least one episode of mania at some point in their lifetime. (D). must have experienced at least one depressive episode.

複選題
10. Functional studies of people with major depression show (A). elevated activity in the amygdala. (B). decreased activity in the amygdala. (C). diminished volume in the prefrontal cortex. (D). diminished volume of the hippocampus.

11.While many difficulties might get a person thinking about suicide, __________ seems to predict the switch from suicidal thoughts to suicidal actions. (A). impulsivity (B). mania (C). drug abuse (D). helplessness

12. Women are more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders because they are more (A). likely to face their fears directly. (B). physiologically vulnerable. (C). willing to report their symptoms. (D). exposed to social discrimination.

13. There is evidence that social anxiety disorder is related to placing more attention to __________ cues and less attention to __________ cues. (A). external； internal (B). social； personal (C). internal； external (D). personal； social

14. Jenny was in an automobile accident. She goes to a psychologist a week after the accident. If she is experiencing nightmares, flashbacks, and headaches, and is ruminating about the accident, she will likely receive which diagnosis? (A). acute stress disorder (B). generalized anxiety disorder (C). posttraumatic stress disorder (D). anxiety disorder not otherwise specified

15. People who compulsively check their appearance and spend countless hours staring at themselves in the mirror will likely be diagnosed as having (A). obsessive-compulsive disorder (B). body dysmorphic disorder (C). generalized anxiety disorder (D). social phobia

16. The prognosis for dissociative amnesia usually involves a __________ remission with __________ recovery. (A). gradual； complete (B). gradual； partial (C). sudden； complete (D). sudden； partial

17. Lucy arrived at the emergency room complaining of severe stomach pain. After careful evaluation, it became clear that Lucy had purposely given herself food poisoning. She would most likely (A). be malingering. (B). have somatic symptom disorder. (C). have la belle indifference. (D). have factitious disorder.

18. Joyce is experiencing intermittent pain in her stomach and back. Medical examination and testing have revealed no physical explanation for her symptoms. The most likely DSM-5 diagnosis for Joyce is (A). Somatic Symptom Disorder (B). Illness Anxiety Disorder (C). Factitious Disorder (D). Conversion Disorder

19. The most common hallucinations experienced by those with schizophrenia are (A). visual. (B). tactile. (C). auditory. (D). olfactory.

20. Jeff is struggling with schizophrenia. He also finds it difficult to experience pleasure from activities that he enjoyed before his symptoms began. This is an example of (A). alogia. (B). anhedonia. (C). avolition. (D). asociality.

21. Studies show that, of the schizophrenic symptoms, the ones with the greater genetic component are (A). negative symptoms. (B). disorganized symptoms (C). positive symptoms. (D). hallucinations.

22. In schizophrenia research, prodrome refers to (A). neurobehavioral functioning in the disorder. (B). positive symptomatology in the disorder. (C). intellectual functioning in the disorder. (D). the period before a person meets diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia but nonetheless shows some symptoms.

23. A possible side-effect of antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia is akathisia, (A). the inability to remain still. (B). constant aching of muscles. (C). severe confusion. (D). severe dystonia.

24. Delirium tremens refers to (A). a symptom of conversion disorder. (B). the symptoms that accompany an overdose of heroin. (C). the symptoms that may accompany withdrawal from alcohol. (D). the hallucinations common in schizophrenia.

25. Which of the following is most prevalent? (A). binge eating disorder (B). anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type (C). anorexia nervosa, restricting type (D). bulimia nervosa

26. The neurotransmitter most closely associated with eating disorders is (A). epinephrine (B). norepinephrine (C). opioids (D). serotonin

27. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of oppositional-defiant disorder? (A). extreme physical aggressiveness (B). temper tantrums (C). refusing to follow directions (D). annoying others deliberately

28. In children, ____ manifestations of either hyperactivity-impulsivity or inattentiveness are required for the diagnosis of ADHD, but in adults the number of required symptoms is _____. (A). 6, 5 (B). 6, 4 (C). 4, 6 (D). 5, 6

29. Schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders may be distinguished only by the presence of which of the following symptoms in schizotypal persons? (A). indifference to others. (B). visual hallucinations. (C). flat affect, little overt emotion. (D). overtly odd behaviors.

30. According to the self-psychology theory, which parenting behavior is associated with narcissistic personality disorder (A). over involved. (B). over protective. (C). over harsh. (D). over neglecting

申論題 (6)

二、名詞解釋(25%，每題 5 分)
1.ecological momentary assessment

2.psychophysiological assessment

3.insanity defense

4.panic control therapy

5.The incentive-sensitization theory of substance dependence

三、簡答題(15%)
1.請說明失智症分成哪些類型，以及其症狀的差別。