20. Increased accountability of employees is typically caused by ________.
(A) increased digitization
(B) discrimination concerns
(C) increased emphasis on organizational ethics
(D) security threats to the organization

16. Technical skills include ________. (A) job specific knowledge needed to proficiently perform work tasks (B) experience gained by experiments that are used in performing managerial tasks (C) skills managers use to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations (D) the ability to work well with individuals and groups

17. Understanding building codes would be considered a ________ skill for a building contractor. (A) technical (B) empirical (C) human (D) conceptual

18. Which of the following is true concerning the three managerial skills? (A) Technical skills increase and conceptual skills decrease in importance as a manager climbs the organizational chart. (B) Conceptual skills are most important for lower-level managers. (C) Technical skills tend to be most important for middle-level managers. (D) Human skills remain equally important to all levels of management.

19. Conceptual skills involve ________. (A) managing employees who use tools to produce the organization's products (B) inspiring enthusiasm and trust among employees (C) thinking about abstract and complex situations (D) communicating with customers

21. Social media is a communications tool which should not be used to ________. (A) tap into innovation and talent (B) publish one-way messages from managers to employees (C) manage human resources (D) connect with customers

22. Which of the following is true regarding the changes that a manager's job is undergoing? (A) Digitization hardly affects a manager's responsibilities. (B) Innovative efforts are exclusively important for managers serving in high-tech organizations. (C) According to managers, employees contribute the least to the success of a customer service organization. (D) Managers practicing sustainability integrate economic, environmental, and social opportunities into the business strategy.

23. The universality of management means that ________. (A) all managers in all organizations perform the same quantity of managerial functions (B) all managers in all organizations perform the four management functions (C) any manager can work in any organization and perform any management function (D) all managers in all organizations perform managerial functions in similar ways

24. Which of the following represents one of the challenges of management? (A) have to deal with a variety of personalities (B) enjoy relatively easy work (C) have little influence on organizational outcomes (D) support, coach, and nurture others

25. Kelly is a ________. (A) first-line manager (B) top manager (C) middle manager (D) nonmanagerial employee

26. Ben and Dan are ________. (A) supervisors (B) top managers (C) first-line managers (D) middle managers