8. Which of the following statements is true of the changing trends in U.S. workplaces?
(A) Organizations must recognize that they can't expect employees to assimilate into the organization by adopting similar attitudes and values.
(B) In most U.S. metropolitan cities, more immigrants are employed in low-wage jobs like construction, cleaning, or manufacturing, than in white-collar occupations.
(C) The surge in immigration, especially over the last two decades, has flooded the United States with low-wage foreign labor.
(D) People now entering the workforce are significantly older, less ethnically diverse and/or natively-born.

4. Which of the following demographic characteristics reflects surface-level diversity? (A) differences in values (B) work preferences (C) personality (D) ethnicity

5. How does surface-level diversity differ from deep-level diversity? (A) Surface-level diversity can affect the way people perceive others, especially in terms of assumptions or stereotyping, while deep-level diversity may affect general behavior of people at work. (B) Surface-level diversity becomes more important as people get to know each other, while deep-level diversity becomes less relevant with increasing familiarity between people. (C) Surface-level diversity is reflected by differences in personality and values, while deeplevel diversity is influenced by age and ethnic differences. (D) Surface-level diversity can affect the way people view organizational rewards and their communication with others, while deep-level diversity does not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel.

6. Which of the following people management benefits arises from workplace diversity? (A) improved system flexibility (B) better use of employee talent (C) potential to increase market share (D) increased understanding of the marketplace

7. Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is categorized as strategic? (A) improved system flexibility (B) potential to improve market share (C) reduced costs associated with high turnover (D) better use of talent

9. Which of the following trends has been observed in the world population in terms of aging? (A) As nations have advanced economically, birthrates have increased in proportion to the growing world population. (B) People aged 65 and older will soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history. (C) The world's population is growing older, but at a slower rate than it did in comparison with the previous two centuries. (D) The world's population aged 80 and over is projected to decrease 233% by 2040.

10. Which of the following perceptions do employers typically have of older employees? (A) lack of sound judgment (B) uncommitted to doing quality work (C) resistant to new technology (D) weak work ethic

11. Which of the following statements is true of gender diversity in workplaces? (A) Affirmative action policies have resulted in women, generally, starting their careers at higher levels than men. (B) Today, men make up nearly two-thirds of the workforce, while women account for the remaining third. (C) Despite the disparity in representation in the workforce, women earn nearly as much as men do on a median basis. (D) No consistent male-female differences exist in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability.

12. Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be masculine? (A) leading by example (B) collaborative (C) nurturing (D) inclusive

13. ________ is the biological heritage (including physical characteristics such as one's skin color and associated traits) that people use to identify themselves. (A) Nationality (B) Ethnicity (C) Race (D) Culture

14. Which of the following racial groups have been the focus of most race and ethnographic studies of workplace diversity in the United States? (A) Asians and African Americans (B) Hispanics and Asians (C) African Americans and Whites (D) Whites and Native Americans