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111年 - 111 教育部公費留學考試試題:離散數學#125727
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4. [15%] If both a + b and ab are even, then both a and b are even. Prove or disprove the statement.
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(2) 承上題,若設定結合5分鐘後中斷,結果發現只有 Pyr⁺ 的 F- 菌出現,並沒有發現其他基因的重組型,將結合時間改為30分鐘後中斷,結果在 Pyr⁺ 的 F- 菌中分別有 30% 是 Met⁺、90% 是 Xyl⁺、10% 是 Tyr⁺、60% 是 Arg⁺、70% 是 Mal⁺,但沒有發現 His⁺。依據此結果,這些基因 (Arg、His、Mal、Met、Pyr、Tyr、Xyl) 自傳送起點開始的序列為何? (2分)
#534201
1. [10%] How many subsets of size 5 from a set that contains n elements?
#534202
2. [10%] We flip a coin for 15 times and obtain a result of x times of coin facing up and y times of coin facing down. What is the most likely outcome of (x, y)? Apparently, we have x + y = 15. What is the probability to have such outcome (x, y)?
#534203
3. [15%] Which series is bigger, ? We have:
#534204
5. [15%] Solve the recurrence equation given by:an+2 - 2an + an+1 = 0, a0 = 0, a1 = 1.
#534206
6. [15%] Which of the following graphs, K6 (complete graph with 6 vertices) or K7 (complete graph with 7 vertices) has closed Euler walk? Explain your answer as clear as possible. That is, in closed Euler walk, we allow each edge to be visited exactly once, and the initial vertex and ending vertex are the same. Can we modify the graph(s) to make it/them possible to contain a closed Euler walk?
#534207
Def 1.A tree consists of a root, and zero or more subtrees T1, T2, ..., Tk. Also, there is an edge from the root to the rootof each subtree.
#534208
Now someone modifies the definition and give the following alternative one:Def 2.A tree consists of a root, and one or more subtrees T1, T2,..., Tk. Also, there is an edge from the root to the root of each subtree.Can you describe what will happen if we choose the second one as the definition instead? What trees can be generated by the two definitions?
#534209
1. 在網際網路(Internet)中,何謂被動式攻擊(Passive Attack)?
#534210
2. 何謂主動式攻擊(Active Attack)?
#534211