4. A solar cell under an illumination of 80 W/Im2 has a short circuit current of 40 mA and an open circuit output voltage of 0.55V. What are the short circuit current and open circuit voltages when the light intensity is halved? (20%)

4. Answer the following questions about MOS capacitor. (a) Explain the flat-band voltage. (5%)( b) Consider a n+polysilicon-SiO2-Si capacitor with a p-type silicon substrate doped to NA = cm, a silicon dioxide insulator with a thickness of 300 . The metal-semiconductor work function diference is -0.98 V. The fixed charge within the SiO2-Si interface Q/q = 4✖The dielectric constant of SiO2 is 3.9. Calculate the flat-band voltage. (15%)

4. A solar cell under an illumination of 80 W/Im² has a short circuit current of 40 mA and an open circuit output voltage of 0.55V. What are the short circuit current and open circuit voltages when the light intensity is halved? (20%)

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