102年 - 102輔仁大學營養科學系二年級轉學考-營養學概論 #68000

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)-營養學 | 年份：102年 | 選擇題數：40 | 申論題數：1

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)-營養學

選擇題 (40)

1. The main function of vitamins is to (A) provide the main structural building blocks of the body. (B) provide essential fatty acids. (C) enable chemical reactions in the body to occur. (D) improve digestion processes.
2. Which nutrients are organic compounds? (A) water and carbohydrates (B) carbohydrates and protein (C) fats and minerals (D) water and minerals
3. If a total of 2000 kcal were consumed (250 grams of carbohydrates, 66 grams of fat, and 102 grams of protein), what percentage of energy comes from carbohydrates, fat, and protein? (A) 30% carbohydrate, 50% fat, and 20% protein (B) 50% carbohydrate, 35% fat, and 15% protein (C) 20% carbohydrate, 30% fat, and 50% protein (D) 50% carbohydrate, 30% fat, and 20% protein
4. Factors that affect the amount of nutrients in foods include (A) farming conditions. (B) ripeness of plants when harvested. (C) cooking processes. (D) length of time food is stored. (E) All of these factors affect nutrient content of foods
5. MyPlate includes which food group? (A) Dairy (B) Vegetables (C) Protein foods (D) Fruits (E) All of the above
6. The main structural material of the body is (A) lipid. (B) carbohydrate. (C) protein. (D) minerals.
7. Cross-contamination of food occurs when (A) two or more microorganisms grow in the same food.(B) two or more food handlers work on the same food .(C) a utensil contaminated with a microorganism from a previously handled food contacts a second food.(D) perishable foods are kept at room temperature for more than 2 hours.
8. Mad cow disease (A) causes a fatal brain disease in cows (B) is very common in the U.S. and Canada. (C) is caused by a parasite found in animal feed.(D) is easily transmitted to humans.
9. The principal sugar found in milk is (A) sucrose. (B) lactose. (C) dextrose. (D) maltose.
10. While_suppresses gluconeogenesis,_increases glycogen breakdown. (A) glucagon; insulin (B) insulin; glucagon (C) insulin; glucose (D) cortisol; glucagon
11. Amylose and amylopectin contain_bonds, which are responsible for the digestibility of these starches. (A) alpha (B) beta (C) alpha and beta (D) Gamma
12. When increasing fiber intake, always (A) take a fiber supplement. (B) increase fluids. (C) use simple carbohydrates. (D) increase protein intake also.
13. Many factors influence food choices. Which factor relates to the knowledge, beliefs, religion, and traditions shared by a group of people? (A) food marketing (B) lifestyle (C) education and occupation (D) culture
14. Which of the following correctly characterizes lipids? (A) They do not dissolve in water. (B) They contain carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. (C) They dissolve in water. (D) They are all classified as sterols.
15. Cholesterol is (A) not essential in the diet; the human body can synthesize it. (B) not found in foods of plant origin. (C) an important part of human cell membranes and is necessary to make some hormones. (D) All of these choices are correct.
16. In metabolism，glucose is degraded to CO2 and water. The carbon dioxide is produced in (A) the red blood cells. (B) the citric acid cycle. (C) glycolysis. (D) the electron transport chain.
17. The 4 primary types of tissue are (A) epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. (B) gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, muscle, and immune. (C) gastrointestinal, endocrine, nervous, and cardiovascular. (D) skeletal, muscle, endocrine, and cardiovascular.
18. In fatty acid synthesis, the "starting" molecule is (A) glycerol. (B) acetyl-CoA (C) ATP. (D) pyruvate.
19. The maintenance of mucus-forming cells depends on adequate amounts of (A) vitamin D(B) vitamin C (C) vitamin A (D) vitamin K.
20. When the carbon skeleton of an amino acid is oxidized for energy, the amino group is removed and sent to the liver to produce (A) ammonia. (B) protein. (C) urea. (D) albumin.
21. Typical daily urine output in a healthy individual is within the range of (A) 400 - 600 milliliters. (B) 1 - 2 liters. (C) 2 - 4 liters. (D) 3 - 5 liters. (E) 600 - 1000 milliliters.
22. Nutrients most likely to cause toxicity if consumed in excessive amounts include (A) vitamin B-12 and vitamin K. (B) vitamin D and riboflavin. (C) vitamin A and vitamin D (D) vitamin A and vitamin E
23. Protein quality is determined by all of the following EXCEPT (A) the food’s digestibility. (B) the food's cost. (C) the food's amino acid composition. (D) the food's ability to support body growth .
24. Excess amounts of most fat-soluble vitamins are (A) stored in the liver or adipose tissue. (B) excreted via the kidneys. (C) stored in the pancreas. (D) all of the above are correct.
25. Of the following, the best source of provitamin A is (A) fried liver. (B) baked sweet potato. (C) fresh bananas, (D) soybeans
26. Lipoproteins are important for (A) transport of fats in the blood and lymphatic system. (B) synthesis of triglycerides. (C) synthesis of adipose tissue. (D) None of these choices are correct.
27. Cooking an egg destroys its physiological property by (A) denaturation. (B) emulsification. (C) esterification. (D) detoxification.
28. Fasting or starvation accelerates (A) gluconeogenesis. (B) ketone production. (C) body protein breakdown. (D) body fat breakdown. (E) All of these choices are correct.
29. What vitamin would most likely lead to death in both deficient and toxic levels? (A) vitamin A (B) vitamin C (C) vitamin E (D) vitamin B-12
30. The hemoglobin molecule (A) contains 4 heme compounds. (B) carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. (C) decreases during iron deficiency anemia. (D) All of these choices are accurate.
31. The nutrient that can be considered both a vitamin and a hormone is vitamin (A) vit E(B) vit K. (C) vit D (D) vitA
32. Marasmus is characterized by (A) edema. (B) extreme weight loss and fat loss. (C) excess energy intakes. (D) allergy to cow's milk.
33. Thiamin should be given to an alcoholic patient who has (A) pellagra. (B) Wemicke-Korsakoff syndrome.(C) pernicious anemia.(D) scurvy
34. The B-vitamin most easily destroyed by exposure to light is (A) biotin. (B) niacin. (C) riboflavin. (D) thiamin.
35.Bright yellow urine usually is indicative that someone is supplementing with (A) niacin. (B) vitamin A(C) vitamin K. (D) riboflavin.
36. A high intake of raw egg whites (＞12 per day) can inhibit absorption of (A) folate. (B) vitamin B-12. (C) pantothenic acid. (D) biotin.
37. In a dietary deficiency of folate, there are decreasing numbers of mature red blood cells to carry the oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. This condition is known as (A) achlorhydria.(B) megaloblastic anemia.(C) ariboflavinosis.(D) hemorrhagic disease.
38. Ceruloplasmin is (A) a zinc-containing enzyme in the intestinal wall. (B) a copper-containing enzyme that oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+. (C) the storage form of iron in the liver. (D) a component of the electron transport system.
39. Consumption of_inhibits the action of antidiuretic hormone causing increased urinary output. (A) one or two cups of coffee (B) alcoholic beverages (C) high-sodium foods (D) high-sugar beverages
40. Vitamin B-12 is supplied mostly in (A) fruits and vegetables. (B) cereal grains. (C) foods of animal origin. (D) None of these answers are correct.

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How to modify your Lifestyle to lower blood pressure? (20%)